Space travel 21st century

Me so horny, me loa you long time...

2011-02-26T20:48:00.038Z

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This post is about personnel, no, serious, team work personnel, man oh man It's difficult to get the proper personnel, ok, so, this business is a business that people enjoy, it's an outlet as well as a hobby pursuit, the thing is though you know when people have listened to someone talking about a subject and thought that sounds like they really like it and then they go and get their luck tested and get a job... But, do they really want the job...

Paris / I choose you

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GwZR0PO6cK0

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/19133/blonde-jannie-sex.html

Planet could be 'unrecognizable' by 2050, experts say

AFP/NASA/GSFC/NOAA – Undated image of Earth's city lights released by NASA. A growing, more affluent population competing …
– Sun Feb 20, 3:05 pm ET
WASHINGTON (AFP) – A growing, more affluent population competing for ever scarcer resources could make for an "unrecognizable" world by 2050, researchers warned at a major US science conference Sunday.
The United Nations has predicted the global population will reach seven billion this year, and climb to nine billion by 2050, "with almost all of the growth occurring in poor countries, particularly Africa and South Asia," said John Bongaarts of the non-profit Population Council.
To feed all those mouths, "we will need to produce as much food in the next 40 years as we have in the last 8,000," said Jason Clay of the World Wildlife Fund at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
"By 2050 we will not have a planet left that is recognizable" if current trends continue, Clay said.
The swelling population will exacerbate problems, such as resource depletion, said John Casterline, director of the Initiative in Population Research at Ohio State University.
But incomes are also expected to rise over the next 40 years -- tripling globally and quintupling in developing nations -- and add more strain to global food supplies.
People tend to move up the food chain as their incomes rise, consuming more meat than they might have when they made less money, the experts said.
It takes around seven pounds (3.4 kilograms) of grain to produce a pound of meat, and around three to four pounds of grain to produce a pound of cheese or eggs, experts told AFP.
"More people, more money, more consumption, but the same planet," Clay told AFP, urging scientists and governments to start making changes now to how food is produced.
Population experts, meanwhile, called for more funding for family planning programs to help control the growth in the number of humans, especially in developing nations.
"For 20 years, there's been very little investment in family planning, but there's a return of interest now, partly because of the environmental factors like global warming and food prices," said Bongaarts.
"We want to minimize population growth, and the only viable way to do that is through more effective family planning," said Casterline.

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Junior Murvin / Police and thieves

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OID0h7X6hmk&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5SLzoAJFiw/

I want to say that my love for this planet is acknowledged daily with the fresh wind that brings me contentment.

The Religion of the Koran, by Arthur N. Wollaston, [1911]
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p. 57

PRAYER
CHAPTER II., Verse 182.—When my servants ask thee concerning me, then, verily, I am near; I answer the prayer's prayer whene'er he prays to Me. So let them ask Me for an answer, and let them believe in me; haply they may be directed aright.
Chapter IV., Verse 104.—But when ye have fulfilled your prayer, remember God standing and sitting and lying on your sides; and when ye are in safety then be steadfast in prayer; verily, prayer is for the believers prescribed and timed!

Chapter VI., Verse 71.—Say, "Verily, God's guidance is the guidance, and we are bidden to resign ourselves unto the Lord of the worlds, and be ye steadfast in prayer and fear Him, for He it is to whom we shall be gathered."

Chapter XIV., Verse 36.—Say to my servants who believe, that they be steadfast in prayer.

Chapter XVII., Verse 80.—Be thou steadfast in prayer from the declining of the sun until the dusk of the night, and the reading of the dawn; verily, the reading of the dawn is ever testified to.

Chapter XX., Verse 132.—Bid thy people to prayer, and persevere in it; we do not ask thee to
p. 58
provide. We will provide, and the issue shall be to piety.

Chapter XXII., Verse 76.—Be ye then steadfast to prayer, and give alms, and hold fast by God; He is your sovereign, and an excellent sovereign, and an excellent help!

Chapter II., Verse 144.—From whencesoever thou comest forth, there turn thy face towards the sacred mosque, for it is surely truth from thy Lord; God is not careless about what ye do. (145) And from whencesoever thou comest forth, there turn thy face towards the sacred mosque, and wheresoever ye are, turn your faces towards it, that men may have no argument against you, save only those of them who are unjust; and fear them not, but fear Me and I will fulfil my favours to you, perchance ye may be guided yet.

Chapter VII., Verse 29.—O sons of Adam! take your ornaments to every mosque; and eat and drink, but do not be extravagant, for He loves not the extravagant.

Alton Ellis / I'm still in love with you

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yR8XrBKLc1E&feature=fvw/

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Real Partners Are No Match for Ideal Mate, Study Finds

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(Oct. 2, 2010) — Our ideal image of the perfect partner differs greatly from our real-life partner, according to new research from the University of Sheffield and the University of Montpellier in France. The research found that our actual partners are of a different height, weight and body mass index than those we would ideally choose.

The study, which was published the week of 27 September 2010) in the Journal PLoS ONE, found that most men and women express different mating preferences for body morphology than the actual morphology of their partners and the discrepancies between real mates and fantasies were often larger for women than for men.
The study also found that most men would rather have female partners much slimmer than they really have. Most women are not satisfied, either, but contrary to men, while some would like slimmer mates, others prefer bigger ones.
Human mating preferences are increasingly being studied to understand what shapes our complex reproductive behaviour. Whilst previous studies have separately investigated ideal mate choice and actual pairing, this new research was specifically conducted to compare them. The researchers gathered data from one hundred heterosexual couples living in Montpellier, south of France. To measure preferences for body morphology, they used software which allowed the participant to easily modify the body shape of their ideal silhouette on a computer screen. The researchers then compared ideal silhouettes obtained with the actual characteristics of the partners.
For the three morphological traits studied -- height, weight and body mass -- men's mating preferences were less different from their actual partner's characteristics than females' ones. As the authors remark, the lower dissatisfaction observed for men in this study may be restricted to some physical traits, and results could be different for other traits such as personality, political opinion or sense of humor that are also important in partner choice.
Dr Alexandre Courtiol, from the University of Sheffield, who carried out the work with colleagues from the Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, said: "Whether males or females win the battle of mate choice, it is likely for any trait, what we prefer and what we get, differs quite significantly. This is because our ideals are usually rare or unavailable and also because both sexes express preferences while biological optimum can differ between them."

Curtis Mayfield / So in love

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=peChXys7FcY/

Collective Intelligence: Number of Women in Group Linked to Effectiveness in Solving Difficult Problems

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(Oct. 2, 2010) — When it comes to intelligence, the whole can indeed be greater than the sum of its parts. A new study co-authored by MIT, Carnegie Mellon University, and Union College researchers documents the existence of collective intelligence among groups of people who cooperate well, showing that such intelligence extends beyond the cognitive abilities of the groups' individual members, and that the tendency to cooperate effectively is linked to the number of women in a group.

Many social scientists have long contended that the ability of individuals to fare well on diverse cognitive tasks demonstrates the existence of a measurable level of intelligence in each person. In a study published Sept. 30, in the advance online issue of the journal Science, the researchers applied a similar principle to small teams of people. They discovered that groups featuring the right kind of internal dynamics perform well on a wide range of assignments, a finding with potential applications for businesses and other organizations.
"We set out to test the hypothesis that groups, like individuals, have a consistent ability to perform across different kinds of tasks," says Anita Williams Woolley, the paper's lead author and an assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon's Tepper School of Business. "Our hypothesis was confirmed," continues Thomas W. Malone, a co-author and Patrick J. McGovern Professor of Management at the MIT Sloan School of Management. "We found that there is a general effectiveness, a group collective intelligence, which predicts a group's performance in many situations."
That collective intelligence, the researchers believe, stems from how well the group works together. For instance, groups whose members had higher levels of "social sensitivity" were more collectively intelligent. "Social sensitivity has to do with how well group members perceive each other's emotions," says Christopher Chabris, a co-author and assistant professor of psychology at Union College in New York. "Also, in groups where one person dominated, the group was less collectively intelligent than in groups where the conversational turns were more evenly distributed," adds Woolley. And teams containing more women demonstrated greater social sensitivity and in turn greater collective intelligence compared to teams containing fewer women.
To arrive at their conclusions, the researchers conducted studies at MIT's Center for Collective Intelligence and Carnegie Mellon, in which 699 people were placed in groups of two to five. The groups worked together on tasks that ranged from visual puzzles to negotiations, brainstorming, games and complex rule-based design assignments. The researchers concluded that a group's collective intelligence accounted for about 40 percent of the variation in performance on this wide range of tasks.
Moreover, the researchers found that the performance of groups was not primarily due to the individual abilities of the group's members. For instance, the average and maximum intelligence of individual group members did not significantly predict the performance of their groups overall.
Only when analyzing the data did the co-authors suspect that the number of women in a group had significant predictive power. "We didn't design this study to focus on the gender effect," Malone says. "That was a surprise to us." However, further analysis revealed that the effect seemed to be explained by the higher social sensitivity exhibited by females, on average. "So having group members with higher social sensitivity is better regardless of whether they are male or female," Woolley explains.
Malone believes the study applies to many kinds of organizations. "Imagine if you could give a one-hour test to a top management team or a product development team that would allow you to predict how flexibly that group of people would respond to a wide range of problems that might arise," he says. "That would be a pretty interesting application. We also think it's possible to improve the intelligence of a group by changing the members of a group, teaching them better ways of interacting or giving them better electronic collaboration tools."
Woolley and Malone say they and their co-authors "definitely intend to continue research on this topic," including studies on the ways groups interact online, and they are "considering further studies on the gender question." Still, they believe their research has already identified a general principle indicating how the whole adds up to something more than the sum of its parts. As Woolley explains, "It really calls into question our whole notion of what intelligence is. What individuals can do all by themselves is becoming less important; what matters more is what they can do with others and by using technology."
"Having a bunch of smart people in a group doesn't necessarily make the group smart," concludes Malone.
In addition to Woolley, Malone and Chabris, the other co-authors were Alexander Pentland, the Toshiba Professor of Media Arts & Science at the MIT Media Lab; and Nada Hashmi, a doctoral candidate at MIT Sloan.

George McCrae / Rock your baby

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arxhW1RgDDo/

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Me so horny me love you long time.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOGm0P8VqPI

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Why the Number of Women in IT Is Decreasing

Published: January 15, 2007

At its Fall Symposium last October, Gartner braved an interesting and controversial topic, examining the reports that women are reportedly entering the information technology workforce in fewer and fewer absolute numbers and in fewer numbers than the decrease of women in the workforce in general is showing up in other professions. Why this is happening, and why this is a serious problem that companies need to address?

As a woman who cut her professional teeth in the IT world at the same time that Helen Reddy was singing "I Am Woman, Hear Me Roar," I was immensely interested in Gartner's findings and assertions. I was also skeptical, expecting to read a laundry list of politically correct findings and suggestions. But that presentation, followed by my conversation with Mark Raskino, a Gartner fellow and research vice president who co-authored the report with two female co-workers, was anything but politically correct.

To begin with, I asked Raskino what prompted Gartner to pursue this study. The title of the presentation, "Women and Men in IT: Breaking Through Sexual Stereotypes," is not one I would have expected as part of the research agenda at a major industry research firm. Raskino explains, however, that in Gartner's mainstream research the company traditionally looks at all of the "high probability events," by which Gartner means those issues that have both a high probability and a major impact. Sometimes, however, there are issues bubbling under the surface that are relatively low probability but also have major impact. "There was a lot of internal debate about those issues that we were missing, and this topic came to the foreground because it was a simple juxtaposition of something that many of us had become aware of at the same time."

The raw research numbers presented by Gartner are fairly dramatic. The number of women in IT, as measured as a percentage of the total IT personnel pool, declined from 42 percent in 1996 to 32.4 percent in 2004--with no noticeable progress in the number of women in professional or management ranks.

In the first place, Raskino says, the direction in which corporate IT seems to be moving is one that is more about information and relationships and less about technology. The needed skill sets to accommodate this change in emphasis are those that "you would typically associated with the female population" such as language skills, communication skills, and relationship building.

At the same time, however, Gartner was seeing more and more data from its own research and from the research of others that the number of women in IT is decreasing, and that fewer women are electing computer science programs in college. The research shows, Raskino says, that this is happening the world over. "I'm really struck by the fact that this is global. There was no company that has come back to us and said, 'our country is different.' Even in Sweden, which is an archetype of strong social approaches to equality issues, the numbers of women in IT are declining."

Looking then at the direction of corporate IT as a whole together with the belief that skill sets typically associated with women are increasingly needed by IT, Gartner delved into the topic and reported its findings. Raskino is quick to point out that the company is "not coming at this from the standpoint of right or wrong; that's not what we do at Gartner. What we are saying is that, in the next three to five years in terms of delivering what IT departments are expected to deliver, the gender imbalance is going to put these departments in a really weak position unless they do something about it and address it."

According to Gartner, the business and IT drivers for the 10-year period from 2006 to 2016 will be:

Consumer centricity, emphasizing customer experience, usability, convenience, and productivity.
Global reach, emphasizing coordination of services, competence, and perspectives.
Extended value chains, emphasizing collaboration, alliances, intangibles, and diverse stockholders.
Innovation, emphasizing imagination and execution for products, services, and business. Many of these traits are typically associated more with women than with men.
Gartner suggests that there is a need to break through some of the standard approaches to attracting women to IT and accommodating the needs of women. Raskino suggests that companies need to do some "radical thinking" to address the problem. This radical thinking makes the topic controversial because it requires that employers look at the male and female populations as being different and as having different strengths. "That is difficult because in gender politics, you are supposed to treat everyone as equal."

Psychologists have, by and large, agreed that there are differences between the general characteristics of men and women. Translated into the world of IT, Gartner says, that means women are better at listening with both the left brain and the right brain; this has implications for roles such as business analyst and team leader. Similarly, women are better at a range of language skills and they score better on social skills and understanding the viewpoints of others. Men, on the other hand, tend to be better at complex mental visualization and pattern spotting, which has implications for certain aspects of engineering roles. Men also take more risks and are happier doing so openly--characteristics that make them more suited to innovation and competitiveness.

These generalizations, however, are just that: generalizations. And there is no question that each man and each woman must be treated and assessed individually, since there is a wide variety of traits and personalities. But, generalizations can and are made with some validity. Gartner, then, is saying that companies must break from the notion that men and women are completely equal. This may not be a very popular idea.

Are these differences nature or nurture? Although the psychologists are nearly unanimous on the question of whether or not there are differences between the two sexes, they are less clear on whether these characteristics are genetically hard-wired or a result of our surroundings, cultures, and upbringings. Gartner, wisely, does not get into that debate, choosing instead simply to point out that the differences do exist and need to be acknowledged and dealt with.

At the live presentation in October, Gartner asked the members of its audience whether or not they believed there were significant differences between the capabilities of men and women. Half of the audience said yes, and half said no. "There is something in office politics that wants to say that everybody is the same. We're in controversial territory here," Raskino admits. "But it's important to get into that territory because unless companies realize this now, they won't take the sorts of actions necessary to change the gender balance in IT, and we know that will serve them badly."

He points to things like the increasingly social nature of the Internet, of information management (e.g., the percentage of female librarians to male librarians), and of the importance to companies of building and managing relationships with vendors in the supply chain and at outsourcers, not to mention managing the interactions between IT and the business side, which is becoming more and more pivotal to the success of IT. "Again," Raskino emphasizes, "all of these things point to the need for more 'female characteristics.'"

Why are women seemingly dropping out of the IT world? In some cases, the profession has become viewed as "a boy thing" for computer nerds and geeks (male). This impression causes girls to eliminate consideration of a job in IT as soon as the early teens, which is when, according to Raskino, research shows that many girls are beginning to choose their career paths--or at least eliminate some of the possibilities.

What can be done? How can IT attract more women into its ranks? In the United Kingdom, Raskino reports, government agencies have been encouraging the educational system to build after-school programs--computer clubs for girls on their own, away from boys--to change that perception.

Some women in Australia have put together an organization that promotes "The IT Screen Goddess Initiative" complete with its own Website (Caution: I rate this Website "PG"). The group's major project is the publication of an "IT Goddess" calendar that rivals the swimsuit edition of Sports Illustrated. The stated purpose of the calendar is "to dispel the 'geeky' image of IT and the perception that IT is not a desirable career for women, by providing a life expose of real women with unreal careers--all living and loving IT."

The IT Goddesses are very explicit about their goals:

Smash through the perception of the geeky technologist
Put a spotlight on the industry and increase national interest and awareness in careers in information technology
Raise awareness of the diversity of women in IT
Raise money for non-profit groups that run initiatives to encourage females to take up technology studies and to enter technology careers
Promote organizations and companies involved in and supporting IT through sponsorship/promotional opportunities on each page of the calendar
Raskino calls this Website "a shocker," but points out that this is the extent to which some have gone to promote the acceptability of IT as a career for women. Even if the examples from the UK and Australia given here and others are successful in increasing the interest of young girls in pursuing a profession in IT, it won't solve the problem of the declining numbers of women in IT for several years. More immediately, companies can look to the number of women who left the workforce (many of whom lost jobs during the dot.com bust) and take initiatives to draw them back in. The best way to do this, he suggests, is by getting away from the model that everyone needs to be physically present in the office, and build work-from-home programs. "That's one way to pull back the self-excluded work force and find and use people who already have the skills to fill the gaps."

How can companies review and change their strategies to ensure that they have the right skills moving forward? The old model, Raskino points out, called for companies to "get more women into the game" by promoting women, extinguishing stereotypes, changing the culture, using human resources policies to level the playing field, waiting for women to catch up, and trying to get people to change how they think and feel. Instead, companies should "change the game" by educating people and learning the facts, focusing on the six critical competencies for all employees, and rethinking the management perspective. Designing work teams that emphasize group dynamics over leadership centralization is also important. Well-balanced work, mixed-gender teams will give the best results.

Overall, then, Gartner recommends that IT managers need to have the courage to change the game. IT leaders should exploit gender differences--an approach that will deliver better results than trying to change stereotypes. HR leaders should "design practices and policies for the stereotyped world--not for the way you wish it were." And CIOs should design IT teams, work, opportunities, and management/process platforms for a stereotyped world.

Above all, Raskino suggests that "we have to stop being locked into the thinking that we have to have equality in everything. Rather, we need to recognize and exploit those differences and stop pretending that everyone is the same."

Obviously many of you who browse my journal have long time ambitions of travelling in deep space, the worry about fuel types and propulsion techniques is the main obstacle of getting a vehicle that is suitable for deep space travel, a women is a perfect way to describe torque capability in space.

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Isley brothers / For the love of you

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVrZdAicYZg/

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Moving around the world with love is an easy thing to do, when it is reciprocated it is something that people could build on, platforms of respect are gathered when people comprehend the situation, and love isn't ever lost when the field is learnt, it becomes a home, a home that grows. With the recent work that I have accomplished I have learnt that when I thought I knew my perimeters, still they largen, I guess that jobs are like rocket paths, and treating them with respect while learning what they result with is something that as a man and for women aswell we are all still learning.

Al Green / How can you mend a broken heart

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sr-3VwUWS0/

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How to Ask a Woman for Her Number

Looking for the best way to ask a woman for her number? These tips will help you approach women with confidence, and increase your chances of getting the contact you're dying for.

Instructions

Don't ask a woman for her number if you can offer her yours.
~~DON'T~~

Modern dating poses a great risk for single women. Many are rightfully concerned for their safety. When you ask a woman for her number, you put her in an uncomfortable situation where she is forced to choose between her security and her interest in getting to know you better. Even if she is interested, she may refuse your request.

Instead, offer her your number and give her a reason to call. Tell her you would love to meet for coffee and encourage her to call you when she has some time. You won't get the instant gratification of an immediate positive or negative response, but you will increase the chances that, eventually, she will be open to phone conversations, and possibly dating.

~~DON'T BE TOO SMOOTH~~

Sure, practice is a great way to make sure you don't put your foot in your mouth when talking to a woman you'd like to date, but too much preparation can give her the wrong impression. A slick performance tells a woman two things: first, that you do this sort of thing with women all the time, and second, that you're not really interested in her, but in scoring yet another set of digits. It is essential to strike a balance between readiness and spontaneity.

Carry a pen and a scrap of paper with you to either take her number or write your number down for her. Do not have your contact information written down before you even ask a woman for her number. Also, don't pull out a notebook or an address book already filled with numbers. To add to the illusion of 'chance', look around for a napkin or writing utensil in your surroundings. You want her to think you don't make a habit of exchanging numbers with women.

~~EMAIL ALTERNATIVE~~

Offer her your email address. Email might annoy you, but it's a comfortable precursor to live conversation for many women. Many women are eager to learn more about a man before committing to a date or even a cup of coffee. A few written exchanges may give the insight into your personality she needs to take the next step.

'How to ask a woman for her number' is not the question. 'How to get her number' is.

~~PURPOSE~~

Have a reason. This was mentioned in the first step, but is worth repeating. Providing her with a valid reason to contact you will diffuse her anxiety about getting involved with a new man. It will also give you both something to talk about when she reaches out to contact you. The more practical and valid the reason, the more likely she is to call. For instance, if you're offering help with a problem or requesting her assistance a hesitant woman will be more likely to call than if you are simply asking her out for a drink.

Read more: How to Ask a Woman for Her Number eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/how_4725116_ask-woman-her-number.html#ixzz1EeV3GJl5

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Anthea and Donna / Uptown top ranking

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=makIUjYG784&feature=autoplay&list=PLC48AF84119817F95&index=23&playnext=2

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The Stylistics / You make me feel brand new

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yu1Ezr1YEoY&feature=related/

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Testing the Limits of Where Humans Can Live

(Feb. 21, 2011) — On an isolated segment of islands in the Pacific Ring of Fire, residents endure volcanoes, tsunamis, dense fog, steep cliffs and long and chilly winters.

Sounds homey, huh?
At least it might be for inhabitants of the Kuril Islands, an 810-mile archipelago that stretches from Japan to Russia. The islands, formed by a collision of tectonic plates, are nearly abandoned today, but anthropologists have learned that thousands of people have lived there on and off as far back as at least 6000 B.C., persevering despite natural disasters.
"We want to identify the limits of adaptability, or how much resilience people have," said Ben Fitzhugh, associate professor of anthropology at the University of Washington. "We're looking at the islands as a yardstick of humans' capacity to colonize and sustain themselves."
Understanding what made residents stay and how they survived could inform how we adapt to modern vulnerabilities, including climate change. The findings also have implications for how we rebound from contemporary catastrophes, such as the Indonesian tsunami in 2004, hurricanes Katrina and Rita and last year's earthquake in Haiti.
Fitzhugh is leading an international team of anthropologists, archaeologists, geologists and earth and atmospheric scientists in studying the history of human settlement on the Kuril Islands.
The team's findings will be discussed Feb. 20 during a lecture, Scales of Vulnerability and Resilience in Human Settlement of the Kuril Islands, at the American Association for the Advancement of Science's annual meeting in Washington, D.C.
The scientists are studying islands in the central portion of the Kurils, from Urup Island in the south to Onekotan Island in the north -- about 75 percent of the island chain. During three expeditions, they've found small pit houses, pottery, stone tools, barbed harpoon heads and other remnants of the islanders' fishing and foraging lifestyle.
The scientists believe that human settlements existed in three different waves, the earliest in 6000 B.C., the most recent in 1200 A.D.
Fitzhugh finds evidence that following volcanic eruptions and tsunamis, people left the settlements but eventually returned. Fitzhugh and his research team have found that mobility, social networks and knowledge of the local environment helped indigenous people survive.
"Having relatives and friends on other Kurils meant that, when something disastrous happened locally, people could temporarily move in with relatives on nearby islands," he said.
Understanding the local environment also helped people survive the persistently foggy, dark and chilly environment. Since fog can shroud the islands, residents couldn't navigate between islands by simply pointing their boats toward destinations. Fitzhugh and his collaborators suspect that indigenous Kurilians instead used bird behavior, water currents and water temperature to navigate.
Fitzhugh says that the Kurils' population decline has less to do with environmental challenges and more to do with changes in social and political influences, such as skirmishes between Russia and Japan over control of the Kurils.
He adds that as a global society in a time of environmental changes, we have to protect abilities of small and vulnerable populations to sustain themselves.
"This is not something that will naturally rise to the top of priorities of large political systems without concerted effort," Fitzhugh said.
The work is part of the Kuril Biocomplexity Project, funded by the National Science Foundation and the University of Washington, with additional support from the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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I'm just a man who wants things right and simple...

Britney Spears / If I hold it against you

http://video.uk.msn.com/browse/news/week-in-video?VideoID=2gm6xwin&PlayerSize=Small

You Benefit If Your Romantic Partner Recovers Well from Spats

(Feb. 14, 2011) — People searching for fulfilling and stable romantic relationships should look for a romantic partner who recovers from conflict well. Yes, it turns out that if your romantic partner recoups well after the two of you have a spat, you reap the benefits, according to results of a new study by the University of Minnesota College of Education and Human Development's Institute of Child Development.

The research looks at how people recover or come down after a conflict with their romantic partner, said Jessica Salvatore, the lead researcher in the study "Recovering From Conflict in Romantic Relationships: A Developmental Perspective." The article is set to appear in the journal Psychological Science, and has been released online. Co-authors of the study are university researchers Sally Kuo, Ryan Steele, Jeffry Simpson and W. Andrew Collins.
Salvatore and her colleagues' research digs into a new area. In the past, marriage researchers have focused on how people resolve conflicts, but they never looked at what happens after the conflict ends and how people recover, Salvatore said.
"What we show is that recovering from conflict well predicts higher satisfaction and more favorable relationship perceptions. You perceive the relationship more positively," Salvatore said.
The interesting finding is that you don't have to be the one who recovers well to benefit.
"If I'm good at recovering from conflict, my husband will benefit and be more satisfied with our relationship," Salvatore said.
The study's participants were 73 young adults who have been studied since birth and their romantic partners.
"Several decades of marriage research show that what happens during a conflict matters. What we show is that what happens in the time following a conflict also matters," she said.
A partner who recovers well doesn't let remnants of the conflict spill over or leak into other parts of the relationship, Salvatore said. He or she is able to separate conflict from other types of interactions, such as deciding how to parent their children or providing support to one another.
The study's findings are relevant to everyone in relationships, Salvatore said.
"I especially think this will be important for marital therapists and other people who are working with couples who are experiencing some relationship distress," Salvatore said.
Results of the study also show that infant attachment security plays a role in how someone recovers from conflict.
"Having a caregiver who was more in-tune and responsive to your emotional needs as an infant predicts better conflict recovery 20 years later," Salvatore said. This means that if your caregiver is better at regulating your negative emotions as an infant, you tend to do a better job of regulating your own negative emotions in the moments following a conflict as an adult.
But not all is lost if you were insecurely attached as an infant. "We also show people who were insecurely attached as infants but whose adult romantic partners recover well from conflict are likely to stay together. What this shows is that good partners in adulthood can help make up for difficulties experienced early in life," Salvatore said.

The four tops / Still waters run deep

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-ToR5YyBdQ/

The central and eastern north African countries need me, they need to know that I am here for them as a male with a lot of respect for them. As a member of our world I salute you and will soon be joining the company of my long time friend Waleed Khashoggi for advice as to how to procede with our culture.

William Devaughn / Diamond in the back

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=go-az0sm2HI&feature=related

That's the end of this blog. I have decided that the training programme is completed and the first orbital is complete. The blog will still be on probably for a while giving you the opportunity to look at the blog and it's earlier postings.

I will be continuing to post my journal at another blog which I am starting, the blog title is 'prerogative mansworld' and essentially is a journal of my life in the business world, world economics and how my hero and idol Marlon Brando helps me become a man.

Obviously I pay homage to my real mum and dad as will obviously be watching...

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http://www.prerogativemansworld.blogspot.com/

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Norman's engineering room.

2011-02-17T21:15:00.048Z

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This post is a theoretical look at the modern aeronautical standards and practices for our developing world's atmospheric data and how we utilise the knowledge towards space vehicle design. Materials will be a serious factor and probably combined with personnel for safe travelling, obviously the acquisition of the material will be a useful lesson in the development of mankind, and when I am saying mankind I'm talking the way we obtain the materials...

THE WHITE HOUSE [PRESS RELEASE 16TH FEBRUARY 2011]

Good afternoon,

Just a few weeks ago, in my State of the Union Address, I spoke about how America can win the future by out-educating, out-innovating and out-building the rest of the world. I also talked about taking responsibility for our Nation's deficits, because we can’t win the future if we pass on a mountain of debt to our children and grandchildren.
Yesterday, I sent my budget proposal for 2012 to Congress, and I wanted to take a moment to explain some of the tough choices we had to make so we can afford to invest in our future.
Like American families, the Federal Government must live within its means. That means eliminating wasteful spending and cutting programs that aren't working. It also means that programs, like Community Development Block Grants, which I care about deeply, need to be scaled back to confront the crushing debt we face.
You can learn more about the budget proposal and watch Jack Lew, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, explain our approach here:

Getting our fiscal house in order requires shared sacrifice. But even in these tough times, we have a responsibility to make smart investments in our Nation's future.
That's why we must invest in innovation to ensure that the jobs and industries of the future are built right here in America. It's why we need to invest in roads, bridges, high-speed rail and high-speed Internet to help our businesses ship their goods and ideas around the world.
And it's why America must invest in education so that all of our children have an opportunity to fulfill their potential. Even though parents are the key to a child's education, we have a responsibility to ensure that America's students are prepared to compete and thrive in the 21st century global economy.
Yesterday, I visited Parkville Middle School and Center of Technology near Baltimore, Maryland. At Parkville, students gain a strong background in math, science and critical thinking skills that they will need to compete for the jobs of the 21st century. In fact, the most popular subject in their magnet program is engineering.
Investing in schools like Parkville, investing in quality teachers, investing in higher education – these are down payments on our children's and our country's future.
Here are just a few investments in education that I've proposed in the budget I sent to Congress:
Preparing 100,000 new math, science and engineering teachers.
Expanding Race to the Top, a reform program that has led more than 40 states to raise their standards for teaching and learning for less than 1 percent of what we spend on education each year.
Helping more kids afford college by making the American Opportunity Tax Credit permanent and strengthening Pell Grants for 9 million students.
Here in Washington, we have to take a cue from millions of American families who have been tightening their belts while continuing to invest in their future. And that's exactly what my budget proposal does – it puts us on a path to live within our means so we can invest in our future.

Sincerely,

President Barack Obama

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Common sense is really what people want during their life, you know... just some decent honesty, a person talking things that we genuinely listen to with results providing moral substance leading to fibre, our communities are becoming more and more educated to resources that seem to be ebbing to places that do not account for the term which was named 'globalisation', even the common person acknowledges that serious discrepancies exist with community tax monies regarding community acquisition.

It is really those dynamics that seek us out in the terminology phase life, what we have, what we will have, and what we actually work towards.

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/26698/sexy-blonde-nikki-kane.html

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The 'New' Kilogram Is Approaching

(Feb. 10, 2011) — A milestone in the international Avogadro project coordinated by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) has been reached: With the aid of a single crystal of highly enriched 28Si, the Avogadro constant has now been measured as exactly as never before with a relative overall uncertainty of 3 · 10-8. Within the scope of the redefinition of the kilogram, the value NA = 6.02214078(18) · 1023 mol-1 permits the currently most exact realization of this unit. The results have been published in the most recent edition of the journal Physical Review Letters.

The crucial phase of the long-term Avogadro project -- which is coordinated by PTB -- started in 2003: In that year, several national metrology institutes launched -- together with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) and in cooperation with Russian research institutes -- the ambitious project of having approximately 5 kg of highly enriched 28Si (99.99 %) be manufactured as a single crystal, of measuring the Avogadro constant with it and of achieving -- by the year 2010 -- a measurement uncertainty of approx. 2 · 10-8. Meanwhile, the first measurements have been completed on the two 1 kg spheres of 28Si -- which had been polished in Australia -- and their density, lattice parameter and surface quality have been determined.
The single steps: After an extensive check of the crystal perfection, the influence of the crystal lattice defects was assessed. Then, the lattice parameter was determined at the Italian metrology institute (INRIM) by means of an X-ray interferometer, and confirmed by comparison measurements with a natural Si crystal at the American NIST. At BIPM, NMIJ (Japan) and PTB, the masses of the two silicon spheres were linked up in vacuum to the international mass standards. In the respective Working Groups of NMIJ, NMI-A (Australia) and PTB, the sphere volume was measured optically -- with excellent agreement -- by means of interferometers with different beam geometries. The surface layer (basically composed of silicon dioxide) was spectroscopied with electron radiation, X-ray radiation and synchrotron radiation in accordance with different procedures, analyzed and taken into account for the determination of the silicon density. The unexpectedly high metallic contamination of the sphere surfaces with copper and nickel silicides which occurred during the polishing process was measured, and its influence on the results of the sphere volume and of the sphere mass was assessed. This resulted in a higher measurement uncertainty.
What was decisive for the success achieved -- i.e. a relative overall measurement uncertainty of 3 · 10-8 -- was the development of a new mass-spectrometric method for the determination of the molar mass at PTB.
The result is a milestone on the way towards a successful realization of the new kilogram definition on the basis of fundamental constants whose values have been fixed. At present, the agreement of this value with other realizations of the kilogram is not good enough to change the existing definition of the mass unit. The present state of the Avogadro project is, however, so promising that -- on the basis of new measurements with improved sphere interferometers -- the measurement uncertainty of 2 · 10-8 demanded by the Consultative Committee for the Mass (CCM) will in the near future be achieved on contamination-free spheres and will probably even be undercut.

Ever wonder why a woman feels happier when she get's a new handbag? No, I didn't want a new handbag, I personally will vouch that I will not pay £300 pounds for a new woman's handbag with every friday's pay packet, perhaps every once per month, I think that a woman should be a space woman, you know what I mean gentlemen, I mean, what is £300 quid in space... Lol...

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http://www.mofosex.com/videos/28321/milf-of-the-month.html

http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2011/pdf/2010-33347.pdf

''The combination of friction loads,

inertia loads, brake torque loads, air

loads, and gyroscopic loads resulting

from the wheels rotating at a peripheral

speed equal to 1.23 VSR (with the wingflaps

in takeoff position at design takeoff

weight), occurring during retraction and

extension at any airspeed up to 1.5 VSR1

(with the wing-flaps in the approach

position at design landing weight), and

(iii) Any load factor up to those

specified in § 25.345(a) for the wingflaps

extended condition''.

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Mike Gilbert Named AIAA National Engineer of the Year
03.19.10

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Energy was there from the beginning. You don't get to build a rocket often, even in NASA, and Mike Gilbert was excited about it.

Click to enlarge
Mike Gilbert at his desk.
Credit: NASA/Sean Smith
Energy was there at the end, when Max Launch Abort System flew from Wallops Island last July 8 with Gilbert in the control room.

Possibilities are still being considered for uses of the MLAS data collected that day. Its impact could end up outside NASA, given the shift toward commercial space launch capabilities now encouraged by the agency.

"With NESC here at Langley, and others at the center who understand escape systems, we feel like Langley might be able to leverage that to help the commercial folks figure out how to do an escape system that works for them," said Gilbert, whose performance as chief engineer for the MLAS project has been rewarded by his being named American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) National Engineer of the Year Award.

In the 103 weeks between planning and July 8 launch of MLAS, energy came from everywhere. Particularly, it came from young engineers called "residents" who were brought to the MLAS program as apprentices and given important work on the project.

"The resident engineers had a lot of energy," said Gilbert. "They really wanted to 'go do,' and sometimes steering them a little bit was really important."

The resident engineers, drawn from six NASA centers, had 5-10 years of experience each. With MLAS, they were tasked with building the vehicle's data instrumentation system.
The launch and flight of the Max Launch Abort System.

"They made a very significant contribution to this activity," Gilbert said. "They had to go from design to procurement to bench tests, integration to checkout to getting the flight data post-processed and boiled down to the engineering data that we were interested in seeing."

Perhaps as important, they set an example.

"Their energy infected the whole project," Gilbert said. "It helped keep some of the senior engineers who have been around for a while motivated to keep up. Sometimes the residents got out ahead of us."

The young engineers presented an interesting balance to a project that had them at one end of the experience continuum and veterans of the Apollo program at the other. In between were engineers from the NASA Engineering and Safety Center.

"I've never seen a project or been involved with a project that had that level of variation in experience and age and maturity," Gilbert said. "Everybody benefited from it, really."

The Apollo veterans asked questions stemming from history, the resident engineers asked questions stemming from inexperience. The NESC engineers had to hustle to answer the questions.

Gilbert's job was to "focus on the engineering aspects of the technical issue that was facing us," he said. "We had two great project managers in Ralph (Roe, NESC head) and Tim (Wilson, NESC deputy) to work the management issues."

Gilbert concentrated on questions such as what kind of design would get the required results? What were those desired results? What was the risk? How do you manage that risk?

His job also was to see that systems throughout the rocket were integrated, "making sure that something that was done in one area wasn't going to mess up something done in another area," Gilbert said.

As MLAS went together, there were inevitable problems. One kept Gilbert on the road for more than a month and required reintegration of much of MLAS.

"Another thing in my job as the chief engineer, and in the end it was the biggest thing, and that was to troubleshoot technical issues as they came up," said Gilbert. "It was to get the test vehicle built correctly.

Along the way there was an "eyes on the prize" mentality. Many NASA projects are so long term that people who start them aren't around to finish them.

MLAS was different. That was both its difficulty and its reward.

"Those opportunities are infrequent, but being there at the start of the planning and working it all the way through to the flight test and then working out the post-flight data analysis was very rewarding," Gilbert said. "You live for those kinds of experiences."

Before dawn on July 8, in the control room at Wallops Island, Gilbert and Wilson chatted, seemingly calm. There had been rehearsal after rehearsal and what was left was up to MLAS.

At launch, the calm went away and telemetrics ticked off benchmarks of the flight. "We cheered," Gilbert said. "Then a couple of seconds later, we cheered again ... and then again five seconds later."

And on it went through the 57-second flight. A perfect ending to 103 weeks of work.

Nine parachutes that brought MLAS down and into the Atlantic Ocean, triggered by 16 pyrotechnic events, signaled the success in a spectacular way.

"That the vehicle flew as we predicted and intended is probably the biggest success," Gilbert said. "It went in the direction we pointed it, went as high as we wanted it to, a little higher, actually, but well within the bounds of what we expected the vehicle to do."

Jim Hodges
The Researcher News
NASA Langley Research Center

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/28313/big-tits-and-a-wet-pussy.html

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My reservations about latter 20th century engineering principles probably tell of my desire to build multi dimensional travelling space vehicles, these principles that I am showing I have been working on for nearly nine years, I call it F.A.T technology which is ''frequency alignment technology''. The fundamentals of the engineering practice were originally base string theory mathematics that I practice as a hobby. Flow destination will be the module for the next, perhaps 1000 years, I believe this is the best way to approach perimeter exploration and designation mapping.

At previous postings I have spoken about the necessity to evaluate the strengths of materials for building space vehicles, this is some of the theory...
Energy gathering pressure acts and reacts according to element base, element structure really is the fundamental principle of F.A.T technology for it to work in multi environments across multi dimensions, as is shown previously gas emittance from cows gives a pascal reading stability to a multi frame aero spacial, as sound disappears in an envelope the folding of space time become apparent with frequency alignment techniques based upon the age and structure of the mass.

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Previously I have spoken about the need for the American government to spend significantly on the 'magnetic beaming' for engine maneuvering primarily because I believe it is the next logical step in the evolution of engineering for our race travel vehicles, Chinese have shown a public audience that the principles are very probable employers of engineering ability for space vehicles. It would be terrific if NASA direction became stability of magnetic beaming era technology. I though still pursue my space ship that I have been envisioning and building since I was crawling around my bedroom.

The frequency alignment technology is mapping stepping stone phenomenon.

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Alignment of energy measurements of mass present multi directional time travel.

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secretion structure [old news...]

The medical exploration results certainly show the potential.

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How Much Dark Matter Do Some Galaxies Need? 300 Billion Suns

16th february 2011

Creating stars is a lot like cooking: You need the right ingredients in the proper proportions to make everything shine. One of those ingredients is dark matter, and a new study has pinpointed the lower limit of this elusive substance needed to ignite a frenzy of star formation: a mass equal to 300 billion of our suns.
Dark matter is an invisible substance that astronomers can measure only indirectly by its gravitational influence over regular, visible matter. But while it has yet to be directly observed, it's a vital ingredient for galaxies in the act of forming stars.
And if 300 billion solar masses' worth of dark matter sounds like a lot to start with, scientists say it is actually about 10 times less than the amount previously estimated.

"If you start with too little dark matter, then a developing galaxy would peter out," said the study's leader, Asantha Cooray of the University of California, Irvine, in a statement. "If you have too much, then gas doesn't cool efficiently to form one large galaxy, and you end up with lots of smaller galaxies. But if you have the just the right amount of dark matter, then a galaxy bursting with stars will pop out."
The findings require a re-examination of current galaxy formation and evolution models, researchers said. Astronomers previously thought galaxies needed around 5,000 solar masses' worth of dark matter to kick-start star formation.

Cooray and his colleagues used the European Space Agency's infrared Herschel Space Observatory to measure the amount of dark matter needed for the birth of some of the first galaxies in the universe.
They measured light from massive, rapid-star-creating galaxies around 10 to 11 billion light-years from Earth, galaxies that astronomers suspect had formed inside egg-like halos of dark matter.
Galaxy characteristics like brightness and stellar mass are directly related to the size of their dark matter halo, the researchers said.
"Star formation is closely connected to dark matter," Cooray told SPACE.com.
The scientists studied a patch of sky the size of Earth's moon in the constellation Ursa Major to make their discovery.
This wedge of sky, known as the Lockman Hole, is ideal for studying objects outside our galaxy because of the low dust contamination from the Milky Way.
The study's findings are detailed in today's (Feb. 16) online edition of the journal Nature and will appear in print Feb. 24.
Active galaxies show the way
Star formation is especially high within so-called submillimeter galaxies, which are some of the most active stellar cradles in the 13.7-billion-year-old universe. (The galaxies get their name from the emissions we detect from them as they rapidly move away from Earth. The wavelength of the emissions is less than a millimeter long.) In these old, bright galaxies, new stars are created at the rate of up to a few thousand per year. By comparison, the Milky Way produces about 10 stars annually.
"These are the galaxies that formed when the universe was about 2 or 3 billion years old," Cooray said.
After measuring the brightness of the galaxies within the patch of sky, the researcher calculated the minimum dark halo mass needed to develop and sustain a submillimeter galaxy when the universe's star formation was at its peak.
That number, 300 billion solar masses, is substantially less than previous estimates.
"There could be many reasons for this," Cooray said. For example, "it could be that there are more galaxies in the universe actively undergoing star formation than assumed by current simulations."
Or it could be something else entirely.
Whatever the cause, the link between halo mass and star formation will require another look at current theoretical models for these ancient star-forming galaxies, as well as galaxy formation and evolution as a whole, researchers said.

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/26441/euro-babe-tracy-lain.html

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Hydrogels Used to Make Precise New Sensor

(Feb. 9, 2011) — Researchers are developing a new type of biological and chemical sensor that has few moving parts, is low-cost and yet highly sensitive, sturdy and long-lasting.

The "diffraction-based" sensors are made of thin stripes of a gelatinous material called a hydrogel, which expands and contracts depending on the acidity of its environment.
Recent research findings have demonstrated that the sensor can be used to precisely determine pH -- a measure of how acidic or basic a liquid is -- revealing information about substances in liquid environments, said Cagri Savran (pronounced Chary Savran), an associate professor of mechanical engineering at Purdue University.
The sensor's simple design could make it more practical than other sensors in development, he said.
"Many sensors being developed today are brilliantly designed but are too expensive to produce, require highly skilled operators and are not robust enough to be practical," said Savran, whose work is based at Purdue's Birck Nanotechnology Center in the university's Discovery Park.
New findings show the technology is highly sensitive and might be used in chemical and biological applications including environmental monitoring in waterways and glucose monitoring in blood.
"As with any novel platform, more development is needed, but the detection principle behind this technology is so simple that it wouldn't be difficult to commercialize," said Savran, who is collaborating with another team of researchers led by Babak Ziaie, a Purdue professor of electrical and computer engineering and biomedical engineering.
Findings are detailed in a paper presented during the IEEE Sensors 2010 Conference in November and also published in the conference proceedings. The paper was written by postdoctoral researcher Chun-Li Chang, doctoral student Zhenwen Ding, Ziaie and Savran.
The flexible, water-insoluble hydrogel is formed into a series of raised stripes called a "diffraction grating," which is coated with gold on both the stripe surfaces and the spaces in between. The stripes expand and contract depending on the pH level of the environment.
Researchers in Ziaie's lab fabricated the hydrogel, while Savran's group led work in the design, development and testing of the diffraction-based sensor.
The sensors work by analyzing laser light reflecting off the gold coatings. Reflections from the stripes and spaces in between interfere with each other, creating a "diffraction pattern" that differs depending on the height of the stripes.
These diffraction patterns indicate minute changes in the movement of the hydrogel stripes in response to the environment, in effect measuring changes in pH.
"By precise measurement of pH, the diffraction patterns can reveal a lot of information about the sample environment," said Savran, who by courtesy is an associate professor of biomedical engineering and electrical and computer engineering. "This technology detects very small changes in the swelling of the diffraction grating, which makes them very sensitive."
The pH of a liquid is recorded on a scale from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 the most basic. Findings showed the device's high sensitivity enables it to resolve changes smaller than one-1,000th on the pH scale, measuring swelling of only a few nanometers. A nanometer is about 50,000 times smaller than the finest sand grain.
"We know we can make them even more sensitive," Savran said. "By using different hydrogels, gratings responsive to stimuli other than pH can also be fabricated."
The work is ongoing.
"It's a good example of collaborations that can blossom when labs focusing on different research are located next to each other," Savran said. "Professor Ziaie's lab was already working with hydrogels, and my group was working on diffraction-based sensors. Hearing about the hydrogels work next door, one of my postdoctoral researchers, Chun-Li Chang thought of making a reflective diffraction grating out of hydrogels."
The Office of Technology Commercialization of the Purdue Research Foundation has filed for U.S. patent protection on the concept.

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/27198/milf-does-a-body-good.html

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Atom-Thick Sheets Unlock Future Technologies

(Feb. 8, 2011) — A new way of splitting layered materials, similar to graphite, into sheets of material just one atom thick could lead to revolutionary new electronic and energy storage technologies.

An international team, led by Oxford University and Trinity College Dublin scientists, has invented a versatile method for creating these one-atom thick 'nanosheets' from a range of materials using mild ultrasonic pulses, like those generated by jewellery cleaning devices, and common solvents. The new method is simple, fast, and inexpensive, and could be scaled up to work on an industrial scale.
The team publish a report of the research in this week's Science.
Each one-millimetre-thick layer of graphite is made up of around three million layers of graphene -- a flat sheet of carbon one atom thick -- stacked one on top of the other.
'Because of its extraordinary electronic properties graphene has been getting all the attention, including a recent Nobel Prize, as physicists hope that it might, one day, compete with silicon in electronics,' said Dr Valeria Nicolosi of Oxford University's Department of Materials, who led the research with Professor Jonathan Coleman of Trinity College Dublin. 'But in fact there are hundreds of other layered materials that could enable us to create powerful new technologies.'
Professor Coleman, of Trinity College Dublin, said: 'These novel materials have chemical and electronic properties which are well suited for applications in new electronic devices, super-strong composite materials and energy generation and storage. In particular, this research represents a major breakthrough towards the development of efficient thermoelectric materials.'
There are over 150 of these exotic layered materials -- such as Boron Nitride, Molybdenum disulfide, and Tungsten disulfide -- that have the potential to be metallic, semi-metallic or semiconducting depending on their chemical composition and how their atoms are arranged.
For decades researchers have tried to create nanosheets of these kind of materials as arranging them in atom-thick layers would enable us to unlock their unusual electronic and thermoelectric properties. However, all previous methods were extremely time consuming and laborious and the resulting materials were fragile and unsuited to most applications.
'Our new method offers low-costs, a very high yield and a very large throughput: within a couple of hours, and with just 1 mg of material, billions and billions of one-atom-thick graphene-like nanosheets can be made at the same time from a wide variety of exotic layered materials,' said Dr Nicolosi.
Nanosheets created using this method can be sprayed onto the surface of other materials, such as silicon, to produce 'hybrid films' which, potentially, enable their exotic abilities to be integrated with conventional technologies. Such films could be used to construct, among other things, new designs of computing devices, sensors or batteries.
The work was conducted by a team including scientists from Oxford University, Trinity College Dublin, Imperial College London, Korea University, and Texas A&M University (USA).

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/26493/russian-elena-receives-cock.html

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Behavioral Problems Linked to Cortisol Levels: Study Finds Intervention Needed as Soon as Behavioral Problems Appear

(Feb. 10, 2011) — Cortisol, the so-called stress hormone, seems to behave in contradictory ways in children. Some youngsters with behavioral problems have abnormally high levels of cortisol, while others with identical problems have abnormally low levels. What's going on?

Researchers at Concordia University and the Centre for Research in Human Development may have resolved the cortisol paradox. In a groundbreaking study published in the journal Hormones and Behavior, they link cortisol levels not simply to behavior problems, but to the length of time individuals have experienced behavior problems.
"We studied the relationship between cortisol levels in young people with problematic behaviour such as aggression or depression, and the length of time since the onset of these behaviours," explains Paula Ruttle, lead author and PhD candidate at Concordia's Department of Psychology. "Cortisol levels were abnormally high around the time problem behaviours began, but abnormally low when they had been present for a long time."
To obtain subjects' cortisol levels, researchers analyzed saliva samples taken from 96 young people during early adolescence. They then matched cortisol levels to behavioral assessments taken in childhood and again during adolescence. Problem behaviours were classified as either "internalizing" (depression and anxiety) or "externalizing" (aggression, attentional problems).
Riding the cortisol roller coaster
Youngsters who developed depression-like symptoms or anxiety problems in adolescence had high levels of cortisol. However, those who developed symptoms earlier had abnormally low cortisol levels. The conclusion? Cortisol levels go up when individuals are first stressed by depression or anxiety, but then decline again if they experience stress for an extended period.
"It seems the body adapts to long-term stress, such as depression, by blunting its normal response," says coauthor Lisa Serbin, a psychology professor who is Ruttle's PhD supervisor and Concordia University Research Chair in Human Development.
"To take an extreme example, if someone sees a bear in the yard, that person experiences a 'flight or fight' reaction," continues Serbin, a member of the Centre for Research in Human Development. "Stress levels and therefore cortisol levels go up. However, if the same person sees bears in the yard every day for a year, the stress response is blunted. Eventually, cortisol levels become abnormally low."
Aggressive behavior in early childhood
At first glance, study results from children with aggressive behavior and attentional problems seem to contradict this theory. In this group they found that low levels of cortisol were related to aggressive behavior both during childhood and adolescence. However, the authors contend that since aggressive behavior often begins in the second year of life or earlier, subjects may have been stressed for years before entering the study, resulting in abnormally low cortisol levels.
"This blunted response makes sense from a physiological point of view," says Ruttle. "In the short term, high levels of cortisol help the body respond to stress. However, in the long term, excessive levels of cortisol are linked to a range of physical and mental health problems. So, to protect itself, the body shuts down the cortisol system -- but research shows that's not good either."
What, me worry?
Individuals with a blunted response to stress may not respond to things that would -- and should -- make other people nervous. For example, children with long-term behaviour problems perform poorly in school. Because of their blunted stress response, these youngsters may not be worried about exams, so they don't bother to prepare as much as their peers.
The study has many significant implications, according to Serbin. "This research suggests interventions should begin as soon as a behavioural problem appears," she says. "For children with severe externalizing problems, this may be very early, perhaps even when they are preschoolers or toddlers.
"We now have evidence that behavioural problems in children are linked to mental and physical health. Taking a 'wait-and-see' attitude may not be the right approach."
This research was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

http://www.mofosex.com/videos/27899/big-boob-heaven-scene-2.html

I'm not going to give materials or stats on this journal, some of my friends have some of the stats that I've looked at for different constellations, so, I guess we''ll keep doing the sums while getting the funding...

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Special note:

2011-02-16T16:22:00.004Z

Astronaught training journal:

MAINTENANCE WORK BEING DONE

[SPACE TRAVEL WORK STATION COMPANION SCREEN ADDED]

Sorry for a bad picture.

2011-02-14T14:57:00.004Z

I am very very sorry for a recent picture that I removed on Saturday from the posting ''Giants'', the picture very strangely after I had looked at it showed something on it's canvas/paper from it's paint something which was not apparant when I first looked at it. The posting is as should be and continueing to represent the good work that I want to promote for the sake of good.

Hopefully the government knew where they stood on the matter.

The picture was on the posting from the start of Saturday night/morning to Sunday 16.00pm and is now removed from my journal.

I am very sorry for those who recieved it which in it's essence is paint and paper with nothing standing on it nor is it rusting though it's removal from my journal does not sanction it's credibility in any forum/arena.

Another dissapointing thing that happened Saturday.

The story...

RACE HORSES KILLED

Saturday 12th February.

The thousands who piled into Newbury racecourse yesterday - myself included - were looking forward to watching some top quality racing on one of the most prestigious days in the National Hunt calendar. None of us could have predicted we would witness one of the most appalling tragedies ever seen on a racecourse.
A packed crowd was waiting to get a look of the runners in the parade ring before the first race at 1.20pm when one of the horses, Marching Song, reared up and then collapsed to the ground. A few seconds later, the horse following him, Fenix Two, did exactly the same thing. Another horse, Kid Cassidy, crumbled to his knees on entering the paddock, while a fourth, The Merry Giant, also wobbled and went down to his hind legs.
Marching Song and Fenix Two were quickly pronounced dead. Kid Cassidy and The Merry Giant survived.
Startled race-goers could not believe what they had witnessed. Someone said he thought the horses may have been hit with a stun gun. Another put forward the theory that they had been poisoned. As the seven remaining horses went down to the start, green tarpaulins were hauled over the bodies of the dead animals. The scene was more like an 18th century battlefield than a 21st century racetrack.
By this time the race had finished, a consensus view had emerged that the horses had somehow been electrocuted. Jonjo O’Neill, trainer of Fenix Two, described to me the shock of seeing his horse rear up and then collapse. "He was perfectly healthy. It was like he was stuck to the ground. It was the weirdest thing I've ever seen in my life."
Racecourse vet Tom Campbell said he was "suspicious of an electrical shock" being the cause of death of O’Neill’s horse. The stable-lad who was with Marching Song also claimed that he had received electric shocks from the horse's body. Unconfirmed reports stated that the horses who did take part in the race returned with burn marks in their mouths - indicating that all the horses who entered the parade ring received some form of electric shock.
If the horses were electrocuted, then how did it happen? I walked round the paddock shortly after the horses went down to the start and saw no cables above ground cables. But it seems there could have been a cable under the ground - thought to date from the early 1990s. The horses killed were wearing metal shoes - and in any case four-legged animals are more likely to be severely affected by electric shocks than humans.
Soon word was spreading around the track that earlier in the week both the paddock and the racecourse itself had been aerated, with spikes driven into the ground, and that those doing the work could have accidentally cut an underground cable.
If that’s the case, then of course recent heavy rainfalls would only have made the situation worse, with water helping to conduct the electricity a lot more easily. Unbeknown to anyone, the peaceful-looking Newbury paddock was actually a death-trap, with the unfortunate horses in the 1.20 simply being in the wrong place at the wrong time.
After the first race, with the cause of death still a mystery, the rest of the meeting was abandoned. But paying refunds for those who attended will be the least of Newbury’s problems. If cut cables are to blame, then the course will need to conduct a thorough examination before another race meeting can be held there.
Moreover, the racecourse could be subject to sizeable compensation claims from the owners of the horses affected. Two of the horses, Fenix Two who died, and Kid Cassidy, who was withdrawn after falling to his knees, were owned by leading owner JP McManus. Owners know that horse-racing, and in particular jump racing, is a high-risk sport, but they don’t expect their horses to be killed in the paddock of one of the top tracks in the world.
As bad as things were for Newbury yesterday, they could have been even worse. Later races were due to feature such top quality horses as last year's Grand National winner Don’t Push It, and the Sir Alex Ferguson-owned Gold Cup hope What a Friend.
Trainer Nicky Henderson described the day’s events as "the most horrific thing I think I have seen. I have been racing for 33 years and I have never seen anything like it. It was nearly a Dick Francis novel".

Giants.

2011-02-12T19:15:00.037Z

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This posting is a relaxant from the recent more involved postings, I just want to say thanks to all the people that strive every day to help our race evolve to something better than previously struggled, life is sometimes difficult and for many of you people who browse my journal the generaters of good time, opportunity and hope are essential.

Ten city / That's the way love is

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=99jHPfkZX3Y&a=GxdCwVVULXc8oqzZ2UAzx0lLPF1ALzzv

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AERO INDIA: Embraer and Gulfstream see Indian growth

Business jet manufacturers Embraer and Gulfstream remain optimistic about India's prospects, with both companies saying that the growth continues despite several challenges.
Embraer expects the executive jet business in India to grow four times over to around $8.9 billion by 2020. "We see this as the main market in Asia-Pacific," says Embraer Asia-Pacific executive jet sales director Manfred Baudzus.
While demand leans towards its medium and large size business jets like the Lineage, Embraer says that its entry-level Phenom aircraft that can reach the entire subcontinent is also popular.
Gulfstream points out that while it had five aircraft in service in India in 2001, that has grown to 17 today. Of those, 12 are its large-cabin long-range G550, which can travel more than 12,000km nonstop.
"We see great long-term potential in the Indian market as infrastructure for business aviation expands and government officials focus more on this segment," says Roger Sperry, Gulfstream's regional senior vice president for international sales. "The rapid development of commercial air traffic is a vital focus on the part of government; we believe attention will soon turn to business aviation, as well."
Much of this is driven by India's growing wealth. The country reportedly has 47 billionaires, according to Forbes' 2010 list. It also has more than 126,000 millionaires, the world's eighth-largest base of high-net-worth individuals.
Several challenges remain. Jose Eduardo Costas, Embraer's Asia Pacific vice-resident for marketing and sales, points out that the Indian government's high import tax on business jets shows a "narrow vision". However, he adds: "We are confident, regardless of taxes, [that] there is demand".
Infrastructure problems must also be overcome, says Sperry. These include a shortage of fixed base operations, expanded ramp space and hangar facilities, and curfews in major cities limit that limit operating slots for business jets.
"These are the challenges of a fast-growing economy, and we expect they will be addressed, because business aviation is an important component of the transportation system," he says.

Barack Obama picture]

Obviously my support of President Barack Obama is selflessly biased because of my ability to guarantee his loyalty to our race, interest in politics is concern for modern political analysts particularly because of administration developments that seem to obliterate real cause in the socio economic community, my admiration of Barack Obama has become a larger commitment because of his shining ability to correspond his acumen and prowess in an administrative defecting government practice that by all ''surface'' accounts belies an impoverished melody.

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Alanis Morrisette / Ironic

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8v9yUVgrmPY/

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Malaria's Newest Pathway Into Human Cells Identified

(Sep. 27, 2010) — Development of an effective vaccine for malaria is a step closer following identification of a key pathway used by the malaria parasite to infect human cells. The discovery, by researchers at The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, provides a new vaccine target through which infection with the deadly disease could be prevented.

Each year more than 400 million people contract malaria, and more than one million, mostly children, die from the disease. The most lethal form of malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Part of the parasite's success lies in its ability to deploy multiple ways to invade red blood cells, a process essential for the survival of the parasite within the human host.
Professor Alan Cowman, head of the institute's Infection and Immunity division, led the research with Dr Wai-Hong Tham, Dr Danny Wilson, Mr Sash Lopaticki, Mr Jason Corbin, Dr Dave Richard, Dr James Beeson from the institute and collaborators at the University of Edinburgh.
For decades, it has been known that malaria parasites use proteins called glycophorins as a means of entering red blood cells. This new research reveals an alternative pathway used by the parasite to enter red blood cells. The pathway does not involve glycophorins, instead requiring the binding of a parasite molecule named PfRh4 to Complement Receptor 1 (CR1), a common protein found on the surface of red blood cells.
"The parasite is like a master burglar - it will try a variety of different methods to get into the house, not just the front door," Professor Cowman said. "Although the human body has evolved a variety of methods to keep the parasite out, it keeps finding new ways to get in."
Professor Cowman said the PfRh family of surface proteins is involved in the recognition of red blood cell receptors, which allows the parasite to attach to the red blood cell surface and gain entry.
"We think that the parasite uses this protein to correctly identify the red blood cell and say 'Yes, this is the one we want to invade', it's like a quality assurance process," Professor Cowman said.
"The PfRh4-CR1 pathway is one of the most important of the pathways we've identified for entry of malaria parasites into cells," Professor Cowman said. "We are now at the stage where we have identified the best combination of proteins for a vaccine, and are ready to start clinical development.
"When both glycophorin and CR1 pathways are blocked, there is a 90 per cent decrease in infection of the cells with the parasite. These results suggest that if a vaccine were to stimulate the immune system to recognise and generate antibodies to the prevalent invasion pathways, there is a good chance it would lead to a significant decrease in malaria infection."
The research was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh, the Wellcome Trust and the Victorian Government.

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Chaka Khan / I'm every woman

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8xuUdI1an0&feature=related/

I think everyman wants a woman to feel about him the way Chaka Khan describes herself, so, I'm going to keep it simple... This picture...

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Chaka Khan / I feel for you

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObjLb6ElTvs&feature=related/

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AERO INDIA: Raytheon foresees rocketing US-India relationship

US defence contractor Raytheon has a major stake in the two American aircraft in the medium multi-role combat aircraft (MMRCA) competition, and is confident of US willingness to transfer technology.
"The big difference between this Aero India and previous ones is the support of the US government," says Walte Doran, president of Raytheon Asia.
He lists a number of top US government officials who have made the trek to Yehlanka air base this week. They include Commerce Secretary Garry Locke and top figures from the US military and government.
"There is an incredible centre of gravity around India following President Obama's visit last year," he says.
Raytheon has extensive equipment on both the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and Lockheed Martin F-16IN Super Viper. If one of the US aircraft is selected, Raytheon will also be in a very strong position to sell air-to-air missiles such as the AIM-120 advanced medium range air-to-air missile (AMRAAM) and AIM-9X Sidewinder. It will also have the opportunity to sell ground attack weapons, such as the AGM-154-C Joint Standoff weapon (JSOW).
Crucially, the Super Hornet is equipped with Raytheon's APG-79 advanced active electronically scanned array radar. Only one other fighter, the F-16IN, has a deployed AESA radar. As the APG-79 is deployed with the US navy it is a proven system with long-term upgrade potential.
Unsurprisingly, Doran is hoping for a US win. "If either US plane is selected, it's a good situation for Raytheon. An American aircraft is the right choice for India, these are top of the line fighters. We are supportive of both bids."
The other four aircraft in the competition are from Europe: the Saab JAS 39 Gripen IN, Eurofighter Typhoon, RSK MiG 35, and Dassault Rafale.
Doran, a former admiral in the US navy, is also confident that the US government will release advanced technologies to India.
"We spent the last week in Delhi, and there are apprehensions that the US won't release the top end," says Doran. "The US-India relationship is still developing. As it gets more mature a deeper understanding will occur. I'm confident that the US is committed to technology transfer. It is working hard to ensure India gets the equipment for its needs."

Chaka Khan / Ain't no body

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvPZo52X5vo/

I want to use this opportunity for something that I am sincerely ashamed of, honestly I am embarrissed and feel a total disgrace because of the standard of thoughts I wanted to employ during a particular situation while watching a star trek voyager episode. It was a scene when Jeri Ryan [seven of nine] and Kate Mulgrew [Captain Catherine Janeway] were standaing in front of each other quite closely and Captain Janeway was caringly encouraging seven of nine to interact with the crew more as a member of the crew, while they were standing together I had a strong urge to fantasize that they kissed, and honestly I wanted to feel the intimacy of them, I am deeply ashamed of my scientifically stimulated analysis of the situation which is how I want to explain my decision to clarify with as much cleanliness as possible.

Captain Kathryn Janeway picture]

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In our circle it is a dishonor for me to feel such a disgrace and, I want to say that the moments of whim can and will be backed with science fact, resolution and empiracle data.

I shall be in my pi until then.

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http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/2010-31094.pdf

Candi Staton / You got the love

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOEaGRNcxGc&feature=related/

http://news.discovery.com/human/men-keep-your-pokerface-in-love.html#mkcpgn=emnws1

Predicting Divorce: Study Shows How Fight Styles Affect Marriage

(Sep. 29, 2010) — It's common knowledge that newlyweds who yell or call each other names have a higher chance of getting divorced. But a new University of Michigan study shows that other conflict patterns also predict divorce.

A particularly toxic pattern is when one spouse deals with conflict constructively, by calmly discussing the situation, listening to their partner's point of view, or trying hard to find out what their partner is feeling, for example -- and the other spouse withdraws.
"This pattern seems to have a damaging effect on the longevity of marriage," said U-M researcher Kira Birditt, first author of a study on marital conflict behaviors and implications for divorce published in the current issue (October 2010) of the Journal of Marriage and Family. "Spouses who deal with conflicts constructively may view their partners' habit of withdrawing as a lack of investment in the relationship rather than an attempt to cool down."
Couples in which both spouses used constructive strategies had lower divorce rates, Birditt found.
The data are from the Early Years of Marriage Study, supported by funding from the National Institute of Aging and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. It is one of the largest and longest research projects to look at patterns of marital conflict, with 373 couples interviewed four times over a 16-year period, starting the first year of their marriages. The study is also one of just a few to include a high enough proportion of Black couples that researchers can assess racial differences in conflict strategies and their effects.
The researchers looked at how both individual behaviors and patterns of behavior between partners affected the likelihood of divorce. They also examined whether behavior changed over time, and whether there were racial or gender differences in behavior patterns and outcomes.
Astonishingly, the researchers found that 29 percent of husband and 21 percent of wives reported having no conflicts at all in the first year of their marriage -- 1986. Nonetheless, 46 percent of the couples had divorced by Year 16 of the study -- 2002. Interestingly, whether or not couples reported any conflict during the first year of marriage did not affect whether they had divorced by the last year studied.
Overall, husbands reported using more constructive behaviors and fewer destructive behaviors than wives. But over time, wives were less likely to use destructive strategies or withdraw, while husbands' use of these behaviors stayed the same through the years.
"The problems that cause wives to withdraw or use destructive behaviors early in a marriage may be resolved over time," Birditt said. "Or, relationships and the quality of relationships may be more central to women's lives than they are to men. As a result, over the course of marriage, women may be more likely to recognize that withdrawing from conflict or using destructive strategies is neither effective nor beneficial to the overall well-being and stability of their marriages."
Birditt and colleagues found that black American couples were more likely to withdraw during conflicts than were white couples, although black couples were less likely to withdraw from conflict over time.
"We hope this study will lead to additional research on the complex dynamics of conflict between husbands and wives, and the potential explanations for changes versus stability in conflict behaviors over time," Birditt said.

Frankie Knuckles / Your Love

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOLE1YE_oFQ&feature=related/

Junk food makes woman have orgasms

Gabi Jones, 25, has found that stuffing her face with junk food makes her orgasm
The 25-year-old has now ballooned in weight to 223kg (35st) after eating enough ice-cream, cakes and pizzas to reach the height of sexual pleasure.

She suffers from a medical condition called persistent genital arousal syndrome, where orgasms are triggered without direct sexual arousal.

In extreme cases, sufferers of the condition experience 300 orgasms a day.

She first noticed something unusual was happening as she tucked into a tub of ice-cream.
‘My friends thought I was making it up,’ said Miss Jones, of Colorado, ‘I was stunned but in no doubt of what had happened.’

She has put on 95kg (15st) in the past five years as she gorged and climaxed.

She decided to profit from her affliction by setting up a fetish website where punters pay to watch her scoff herself to orgasm

http://www.metro.co.uk/news/855253-junk-food-makes-woman-have-orgasms#ixzz1Dlp1EXvV

Joe Smooth / Promised land

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZQ-qlkoHhc&feature=related/

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When I was a younger boy I was impressed with the colouful splendid brash American flag, it sort of stood out among the dulldrums of the world for what it wanted to accomplish, obviously the NASA moon Apollo programme was a centrifugal stance on American dreams, as a nation, as a developer of a democratic system that seemed to offer largeness to everyone who wanted to be involved, for little boys and little girls with big dreams America was an inspirational attraction, for 40 years Disney had been carving socio behaviour in children with exquisite craftsmanship and the parallel to NASA was a fantastic boon, I was building spaceships with lego bricks and studying Gerry and Sylvia Anderson's thunderbirds ships [Lady Penelope...], wondering why space in 1999 was such a big deal because space in '19100' would be bigger, and obviously these people needed me to explain the intricacies of the reptillian language, why they didn't sell space uniforms in school and why the Roman army failed to conquer the world in terms of intergration.

Anyway, Arnold Schwartzenegger kick's ass, black, white, brown and what ever else he doe's. Sorry, Arnold, I want someone to believe for the rest of my life!!!

Captain America is obviously a film that will earn a lot of cash for the effort, hopefully the owners of the royalties respectfully earn there fair share...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmfsC072kW4&feature=related

Special song, special people...

The waterboys / The whole of the moon

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOYGEg_J7wo&feature=related/

The Water boys / The whole of the moon

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pu7AR0-FRro&feature=related/

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Planet Hunters No Longer Blinded by the Light: New Way to See Faint Planets Previously Hidden in Their Star's Glare

(Oct. 17, 2010) — Using new optics technology developed at the University of Arizona's Steward Observatory, an international team of astronomers has obtained images of a planet on a much closer orbit around its parent star than any other extrasolar planet previously found.

The discovery, published online in Astrophysical Journal Letters, is a result of an international collaboration among the Steward Observatory, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, the European Southern Observatory, Leiden University in the Netherlands and Germany's Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy.
Installed on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, or VLT, atop Paranal Mountain in Chile, the new technology enabled an international team of astronomers to confirm the existence and orbital movement of Beta Pictoris b, a planet about seven to 10 times the mass of Jupiter, around its parent star, Beta Pictoris, 63 light years away.
At the core of the system is a small piece of glass with a highly complex pattern inscribed into its surface. Called an Apodizing Phase Plate, or APP, the device blocks out the starlight in a very defined way, allowing planets to show up in the image whose signals were previously drowned out by the star's glare.
"This technique opens new doors in planet discovery," said Phil Hinz, director of the UA's Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics at Steward Observatory. "Until now, we only were able to look at the outer planets in a solar system, in the range of Neptune's orbit and beyond. Now we can see planets on orbits much closer to their parent star."
In other words, if alien astronomers in another solar system were studying our solar system using the technology previously available for direct imaging detection, all they would see would be Uranus and Neptune. The inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars and Saturn, simply wouldn't show up in their telescope images.
To put the power of the new optics system in perspective: Neptune's mean distance from the sun is about 2.8 billion million miles, or 30 Astronomical Units, or AUs. One AU is defined as the mean distance between the sun and the Earth.
The newly imaged planet, Beta Pictoris b, orbits its star at about seven AUs, a distance where things get especially interesting, according to Hinz, "because that's where we believe the bulk of the planetary mass to be in most solar systems. Between five and 10 AUs."
While planet hunters have used a variety of indirect methods to detect the "footprints" of extrasolar planets -- planets outside our solar system -- for example the slight gravitational wobble an orbiting planet induces in its parent star, very few of them have been directly observed.
According to Hinz, the growing zoo of extrasolar planets discovered to date -- mostly super-massive gas giants on wide orbits -- represents a biased sample because their size and distance to their parent star makes them easier to detect.
"You could say we started out by looking at oddball solar systems out there. The technique we developed allows us to search for lower-mass gas giants about the size of Jupiter, which are more representative of what is out there."
He added: "For the first time, we can search around bright, nearby stars such as Alpha Centauri, to see if they have gas giants."
The breakthrough, which may allow observers to even block out starlight completely with further refinements, was made possible through highly complex mathematical modeling.
"Basically, we are canceling out the starlight halo that otherwise would drown out the light signal of the planet," said Johanan (John) Codona, a senior research scientist at the UA's Steward Observatory who developed the theory behind the technique, which he calls phase-apodization coronagraphy.
"If you're trying to find something that is thousands or a million times fainter than the star, dealing with the halo is a big challenge."
To detect the faint light signals from extrasolar planets, astronomers rely on coronagraphs to block out the bright disk of a star, much like the moon shielding the sun during an eclipse, allowing fainter, nearby objects to show up.
Using his own unconventional mathematical approach, Codona found a complex pattern of wavefront ripples, which, if present in the starlight entering the telescope, would cause the halo part to cancel out but leave the star image itself intact. The Steward Observatory team used a machined piece of infrared optical glass about the size and shape of a cough drop to introduce the ripples. Placed in the optical path of the telescope, the APP device steals a small portion of the starlight and diffracts it into the star's halo, canceling it out.
"It's a similar effect to what you would see if you were diving in the ocean and looked at the sun from below the surface," explained Sascha Quanz from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology's Institute for Astonomy, the lead author of the study. "The waves on the surface bend the light rays and cause the sky and clouds to appear quite different. Our optic works in a similar way."
In order to block out glare from a star, conventional coronagraphs have to be precisely lined up and are highly susceptible to disturbance. A soft night breeze vibrating the telescope might be all it takes to ruin the image. The APP, on the other hand, requires no aiming and works equally well on any stars or locations in the image.
"Our system doesn't care about those kinds of disturbances," Codona said. "It makes observing dramatically easier and much more efficient."
In the development of APP, Codona was joined by Matt Kenworthy (now at Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands). Hinz, who is a member of the instrument upgrade team for the VLT, played a key role in the technique's implementation on the 6.5 Meter Telescope on Mount Hopkins in Southeastern Arizona.
Former UA astronomy professor Michael Meyer, now at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, where he led the group implementing the technology on the VLT, pointed out that APP is likely to advance areas of research in addition to the hunt for extrasolar planets.
"It will be exciting to see how astronomers will use the new technology on the VLT, since it lends itself to other faint structures around young stars and quasars, too."

Vincent van gogh picture]

New Booze Busting Device
Engineers Measure Blood Alcohol Content With Spectroscopy

November 1, 2007 — Using optical technology, engineers created a way to measure the amount of alcohol in a driver’s skin. They use near-infrared absorption spectroscopy to measure blood alcohol content. The light enters the arm and a detector collects reflected light. It uses a helium-neon laser as the internal reference source, and is a non-invasive alternative to current methods.

Save your breath, a new tool for testing suspected drunk drivers will have cops asking, ”Stick out your arm.”
Last year more than 17-and-a-half thousand people in this country were killed in alcohol related crashes. Getting drunk drivers off the street is a job for law enforcement and thanks to a new tool; their jobs may soon get easier.
“They really think with those few beers or shots that they’re okay and the fact is most drivers who cause fatality accidents are right around that legal limit of point eight or nine,” Sheriff Deputy Kyle Hartsock of the Bernalillo County Sheriff’s Department, DWI Unit, told Ivanhoe.
Just how drunk is registered now by a field sobriety test -- including a Breathalyzer, which can be messy and time consuming. But now, testing suspected drunk drivers is about to go hi-tech.
Developed by engineers, the TruTouch 1100 uses Spectroscopy by shining different wavelengths of light onto the skin.
“"It'’s the same as taking a flashlight, placing it over your hand like the kids do at Halloween ... you see the light come through,"” Jim McNally, President and CEO of TruTouch Technologies, told Ivanhoe.
"The system measures the light reflected back, which reveals how much alcohol is in the person's skin. “So all we do is simply lift this lid which exposes the touch pad ... this is how the light comes out of the machine and will go in and out of his tissue," McNally said.
It's non-invasive and results come back in minutes! Right now the new “booze-busting” system is being tested by officers in several cities and could be on the streets by next year. Besides getting drunk drivers off the street, the makers say the device can be used in emergency rooms, prisons, schools and work places -- anywhere where alcohol use and safety is a concern.
The Optical Society of America contributed to the information contained in the TV portion of this report.

BACKGROUND: Law enforcement officials are enthusiastic about a new tool for alcohol testing that uses near-infrared absorption spectroscopy to determine a person’s blood-alcohol content more swiftly, and in a more sanitary and less invasive way, than current methods. The TruTouch 1100 system can also function as a biometric identity-verification system for prison work-release programs or airline pilots, for example.

HOW IT WORKS: The TruTouch 1100 system introduces very low power light (in the near-infrared wavelength regime of the spectrum) into the skin of the forearm. The light that returns to the tissue surface by reflection and is collected by a detector. The light reflecting from each type of molecule (water, alcohol, etc.) is unique. This allows the spectrum of alcohol to be discriminated from other molecules that are commonly present in the body. The entire process takes about one minute, compared to 30 minutes or more for a standard breathalyzer test.

ABOUT BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVELS: The amount of alcohol in the blood stream is referred to as Blood Alcohol Level (BAL). It is recorded in milligrams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood, or milligrams percent. For example, a BAL of .10 means that 1/10 of 1 percent (or 1/1000) of the total blood content is alcohol. When a person drinks alcohol it goes directly from the stomach into the blood stream. This is why people typically feel the effects of alcohol quite quickly, especially if drinking on an empty stomach. BAL depends on the amount of blood (which increases with body weight), and the amount of alcohol consumed over time. Drinking fast will quickly raise a drinker’s BAL because as the liver can only handle about a drink per hour--the rest builds up in your blood stream. With a BAL of .02, you may experience an increase in body warmth, and a lowering of inhibition; at .05, you are less alert and begin to experience impaired coordination. A BAL of .08 is the legal limit for drunk driving in most states. With a BAL of .15, you experience impaired balance and are noticeably drunk. Many people lose consciousness with a BAL of .30 or higher, and breathing can stop with a BAL of .50, at which point many people die.

WHAT IS SPECTROSCOPY? Spectroscopy is a technique used by astronomers and physicists to study the make-up of an object based on the light it emits. Anything that produces light or radiates energy, whether a light bulb or a star, is telling us about itself and anything between us and the source. This is possible because each chemical element has a unique signature, emitting or absorbing radiation at specific wavelengths. For example, sodium, used in street lights, emits primarily orange light. Oxygen, used in neon lights, emits green light. By passing the light from a star or other object through a special instrument, called a spectrograph, the light is "spread" into a spectrum in much the same way visible light is spread into its colors by a prism. By carefully studying how the spectrum becomes brighter or darker at each wavelength, scientists can tell what chemical elements are present.

Drinking in higher altitudes is certainly a good tester for plasma research, I don't scribe my plasma research on this journal, but, I do encourage others to think more about it particularly regarding the different space vehicle's that will be available for use flying through different airspace, my earlier posting showing light spectroscopy on people could be important for future observations of people travelling space.

As a supporter of mature career people Britney is a credit to hard working acheivers in high profile business that require usually the best part of younger adult sociology, I myself during my music business years learnt the difficulties of blending long studios hours with relaxing and getting quality rest. It's terrific to see Britney sending a message to the music people that she considers music direction the way she does and show's that she is properly showing it's form.

I chose this earlier video to show Britney's prowess, It doesn't show her unique approach to music the same way you perhaps wouldn't notice if it were at another speed.

Totally scientific questions asked to the newer ranks of younger science people.

Britney Spears / Toxic

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbmsTcx29Zs&feature=related/

Britney spears picture]

ISS back in action after marathon spacewalk series

Everything is up and running again on the International Space Station following a marathon series of spacewalks to replace a critical cooling pump. The pump's failure had forced the US-Russian crew to shut down non-critical systems and put many experiments on hold for nearly three weeks.
The two-loop cooling system relies on the flow of ammonia coolant, but with one loop shut down the astronauts had to install electric power jumpers to transfer current between loops and route additional power to the Russian segment of the station. That allowed much of the station to continue near-normal operations with three of four stabilising gyroscopes, life support systems and critical communications equipment.
But experiments in the Japanese Kibo module and the European Space Agency's Columbus module had to be shut down, along with most of the science racks in the US portion of the station.
The eventual failure of one or both pumps was anticipated long ago. NASA had stored four spare cooling pumps, which weigh 355kg (780lb) on Earth, on an external stowage platform on the station in July 2006.
When a pump failed on 31 July, astronauts set into motion a long-ready plan. However, in attempting to remove the broken pump on the initial spacewalk on 7 August, US astronauts Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Doug Wheelock struggled to disconnect one of its four ammonia lines, spraying ammonia into space. A second spacewalk was needed just to remove the damaged system. Two more walks were required to complete the swap-out mission.
The final 7h 20min spacewalk pushed the total time for time in space to repair the coolant system to 22h 49min, and Wheelock into the record books. His total time over six career spacewalks now stands at 43h 30min, moving him into the number 10 slot on the list of most experienced spacewalkers.

looking for astronaughts picture]

Hopefully the lesson's learned in the swimming pool were good enough to teach the 1 mile swimmers that a 100 meter sprint is...
Just a walk in the park...

Air-Conditioned Greenhouse Uses Alternative Energy

(Feb. 8, 2011) — Neiker-Tecnalia (The Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development) has created an air-conditioned greenhouse using alternative energies that enable the reduction of energy costs, improvements in energy efficiency and an increase in crop yields. The novel system has a biomass boiler and thermodynamic solar panels, which reach an optimum temperature for the crop without using fuels derived from petroleum oil or gas.

Neiker-Tecnalia has installed a biomass boiler (using wood and other organic waste as fuel), together with thermodynamic panels, with the goal of air-conditioning greenhouses destined for intensive crop cultivation. With this method they have managed to reduce costs and improve crop yields, in such a way that seasonal products can be harvested throughout the year. This project seeks an alternative to the usual diesel or heating oil boilers, which emit significant amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere and are very costly for the farmer, given the high price of petroleum oil-derived fuels.

400 kW power

The project was undertaken at a greenhouse in NEIKER-Tecnalia located in Derio, in the Basque province of Bizkaia and near Bilbao. A biomass boiler which produces 400 kW power and is, to date, the largest in Spain using air-conditioning in greenhouses was installed. With the boiler there are 40 thermodynamic panels, employed for the first time in intensive greenhouse cultivation. The combination of both energies act to heat the water which circulates in tubes located a few centimetres above the floor and below the substrate of the crop, the aim being to heat the roots.

The tubes, distributed throughout the whole surface of the greenhouse, transport water at an average temperature of 80 degrees centigrade. Thus optimum air-conditioning for greenhouses is achieved, with the result that the plants grow as in the natural production period. Achieving less expenditure in consumption and having seasonal crops all year round considerably reduces the price of the final product and, thus, enabling competition in the market with products coming from other zones.

The thermodynamic panels used generate energy thanks to the difference in temperature between a cold gas that circulates through a closed circuit and the ambient air temperature. They outstand for their low energy cost, as they are able to function in situations without sunlight and, thereby, produce energy both by day and by night. Moreover, it drastically reduces emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere. They are capable of heating water to 45 degrees centigrade and their cost per kilowatt consumed is 60 % less than the one generated by conventional diesel or heating oil boilers.

The biomass boiler used by Neiker-Tecnalia works with organic waste, such as almond nut shells, olive oil stones, tree pruning cuttings, the waste obtained from clearing forests, granulated pellets of sawdust, sawdust itself, wood shavings or any other leftover from the timber industry. The expenditure in fuel for the biomass boiler is 55 cents for kilowatt consumed, well below the 92 cents of a euro needed for boilers fed by petroleum oil-derived fuels or by natural gas or propane.

Heating the roots to reduce costs

Air-conditioning using alternative energies developed by Neiker-Tecnalia is complemented with a technique known as 'hydroponic soil', involving placing the plants on substrate at a height of some ten centimetres above the hard floor of the greenhouse. This method also enables the roots to be heated by pipes through which water circulates at an average temperature of 45 degrees centigrade. Directly heating the substrate where the roots are found enables reducing the ambient temperature of the greenhouse overall, thus involving less energy expenditure.

This system involves a network of sensors (distributed throughout the greenhouse) that enables regulating the temperature of the market garden. The meters gather data in real time on the temperature and humidity of the crop zone. The data is sent to a computer which has software capable of programming different actions, such as increasing or reducing the temperature of the greenhouse or fixing the most appropriate hours for heating the plants.

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Blonde picture]

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Hopefully Britney could be happy with this song choice...

Frankie Knuckles / Tears

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkMpCXou9Xc/

Marilyn Monroe picture]

Forgivenings.

2011-02-07T23:34:00.003Z

Christina Aguilera is of this moment forgiven for the treachery of 'bionic'.

''What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming''

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b94aBPC5T-E

You looked yes.

License to kill.

2011-02-03T01:32:00.030Z

octopussy picture]

This post is really just my ramblings from the previous 10 days, it's not really about me getting any big job's, it's sort of about the obstacle's that will be waiting for me in future because of previous rank's of people operating in my field of profession, their entrance to our field of profession and the standard of education they used at work inside a field that obviously follows us into space because of previous standard's of practice, inheritor's of license's and outdated practice's and knowledge.

I octane - work

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeD4ndaAYvk&feature=related/

NASA: Too soon to say if chemical would inhibit life on Mars Scientists take on rampant rumors about toxin found at Martian north pole

August 5, 2008

Computerworld - NASA scientists, hoping to quell a growing number of rumors, said it's way too early to say exactly what they've found in the Martian soil.
In June, researchers at NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory announced that they were finding more familiar than alien elements in the soil on Mars from initial test results sent back by the analysis equipment onboard the Mars Lander. Then this past weekend, rumors and posts started to appear on the Internet claiming that scientists had found a toxic chemical that would make the Red Planet uninhabitable. Noting that they were stepping outside their normal scientific process, NASA assembled a team of Mars mission scientists Tuesday afternoon for a press conference aimed at tackling the rumors. NASA spokesman Duane Brown said they wanted to address rumors that NASA had been withholding information from the public about a major finding. Peter Smith, Phoenix's principal investigator, said there has been some evidence of the presence of perchlorate, which is described as a highly oxidizing substance. "This is an important piece in the puzzle as we strive to determine if a habitable environment exists on Mars," said Smith. "It is neither good nor bad for life. ... It does not preclude life on Mars. In fact, it's a potential energy source." Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASA's Mars Exploration Program, said he does not regret the summer's earlier announcement that they had found Earth-like elements in the Martian soil and that their initial analysis found that Martian soil could support life. "Some kinds of Earth life would be happy to live in these soils," Samuel Kounaves, a Tufts University professor and a research affiliate at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said in June. "Asparagus, green beans and turnips love alkaline soils." The presence of perchlorate, however, raises new questions. Perchlorate can be found on Earth as both a natural and a man-made contaminant. According to the California Department of Toxic Substances Control, the compound is used as an ingredient in solid fuel for rockets and missiles. Perchlorate-based chemicals are also used to build fireworks, pyrotechnics and explosives. "Perchlorate is becoming a serious threat to human health and water resources," the department says on its Web site. NASA scientists are working to figure out if the Mars Lander could have contaminated the testing area when it landed, or if Phoenix's testing instruments could have contained biological contaminants. Smith said they are investigating, but he doesn't think that contamination is much of a possibility. "We must be sure we have not introduced the material," he added. "I must say it seems rather remote, since our fuel is hydrazine and contains no chlorine. It could have migrated in the spacecraft before leaving Earth, but that's a low possibility. Richard Quinn, a research scientist at NASA, said perchlorate is not a life-killer. He noted that some microbes coexist with it quite easily and others actually use it as a life source. So where did the confusion about the presence of perchlorate come from? Well, scientists got different findings from different testing instruments. Scientists explained today that the first oven analysis showed signs of oxygen, which would be consistent with perchlorate, but it did not show any signs of chlorine, which would be another indicator of perchlorate. However, the wet chemistry test did find evidence of perchlorate. One reason for the different findings could be that the oven analysis simply wasn't looking for chlorine or perchlorate. "During the [oven] analysis, they didn't look for chlorine, since they were not expecting it," said Bill Boynton, a co-investigator on the Mars mission. Boynton, though, also said a second oven analysis also showed no signs of perchlorate. That could have been because the perchlorate wasn't in the sample area or because some perchlorates simply don't give off chlorine when heated. At this point, researchers will be running more wet chemistry and oven analyses and then will be sorting through their findings. With a recent extension to the mission, they're only halfway through their research on the Martian north pole. "We don't want to come to the media and say we found chocolate on Mars and then two weeks later say we were wrong, it's strawberry," Michael Hecht, a co-investigator on the Mars mission, said at the press conference. "That makes us look bad and it makes you look bad."

dinosaur sizes picture]

dinosaur calendar picture]

I octane / No conscience

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmgsStfSXdM&feature=related/

Location Determines Social Network Influence, Study Finds; Number of Connections Less Important Than Proximity to Core

(Sep. 1, 2010) — A team of researchers led by Dr. Hernán Makse, professor of physics at The City College of New York (CCNY), has shed new light on the way that information and infectious diseases proliferate across complex networks. Writing in Nature Physics, they report that, contrary to conventional wisdom, persons with the most connections are not necessarily the best spreaders.
"The important thing is where someone is located in a network," said Professor Makse in an interview. "If someone is in the core, they can spread information more efficiently. The challenge is finding the core."That kind of information could help marketers and public relations practitioners conduct more effective of social media and social marketing campaigns. It could also help epidemiologists target resources to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.To identify the core, Professor Makse and colleagues used a technique call k-shell decomposition. In this process, network nodes with just one link are removed until no single-link nodes remain. The remaining nodes are assigned a k-shell value of one. The process is repeated with higher k-shell values assigned to remaining nodes after each round of cuts. Those nodes that cannot be reduced to a single link are identified as the core of the network and have the highest k-shell values.In the study, the researchers examined four networks representing archetypical examples of social structures: members of LiveJournal.com; email contacts in the computer science department at University College London; inpatients of Swedish hospitals, and adult film actors. The latter group was studied because it is a distinct subgroup of the acting profession whose members rarely appear in other genres, Professor Makse explained.Each network member's position in that network was plotted on a graph with the number of connections along one axis and the k-shell value along the other, e.g. (100, 5), (50, 25). The team found that nodes with many connection hubs located at the periphery of a network, i.e. low k-shell values, were poor spreaders.However, nodes with fewer connections but locations near the core, i.e. high k-shell values, were just as likely to spread information or infections as similarly situated nodes with more connections. Hence, they conclude the most efficient spreaders are located in a network's inner core."In the case of LiveJournal, someone with a thousand friends but a low k-shell level will have less impact than someone with a hundred friends but a high k-shell level," Professor Makse said. "Small players and big players spread just as well if they are at the core of the network.For the spread of disease, nodes located in high k-shell layers are more likely to be infected and they will be infected sooner than other nodes, the researchers found. "The neighborhood of these nodes makes them more efficient in sustaining an infection in early stages, thus enabling the epidemic to reach a critical mass such that it can fully develop."This knowledge could greatly help public health officials trying to head off an epidemic in situations where limited quantities of vaccines are available, Professor Makse said. "You try to identify the most likely spreaders and vaccinate them first."The researchers explained the existence of hubs at the periphery of real networks as a consequence of their "rich topological structure. In a fully random network, all hubs would exist near or at the core and they would contribute equally well to spreading.While high k-shell value nodes were found to be the best single spreaders, regardless of their connectivity, this did not necessarily hold up for situations involving multiple spreaders. In those cases, connectivity between hubs did not accelerate the spreading because of the overlap of infected areas created by the different spreaders."The better spreading strategy using (multiple) spreaders is to choose either the highest k or k-shell nodes with the requirement that no two spreaders are directly linked to each other," the researchers wrote.

I octane / This real

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRxiA8pCJug&feature=related/

Extreme Conditions Deep in Earth's Interior Recreated

(Sep. 23, 2010) — University of California, Berkeley, and Yale University scientists have recreated the tremendous pressures and high temperatures deep in the Earth to resolve a long-standing puzzle: why some seismic waves travel faster than others through the boundary between the solid mantle and fluid outer core.
Below the earth's crust stretches an approximately 1,800-mile-thick mantle composed mostly of a mineral called magnesium silicate perovskite (MgSiO3). Below this depth, the pressures are so high that perovskite is compressed into a phase known as post-perovskite, which comprises a layer 125 miles thick at the core-mantle boundary. Below that lies the earth's iron-nickel core.Understanding the physics of post-perovskite, and therefore the physics of the core-mantle boundary, has proven tough because of the difficulty of recreating the extreme pressure and temperature at such depths.The researchers, led by Yale post-doctoral fellow Lowell Miyagi, a former UC Berkeley graduate student, used a diamond-anvil cell to compress an MgSiO3 glass to nearly 1.4 million times atmospheric pressure and heated it to 3,500 Kelvin (more than 3,000 degrees Celsius, or nearly 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit) to create a tiny rock of post-perovskite. They then further compressed this to 2 million times atmospheric pressure and zapped the substance with an intense X-ray beam from the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to obtain a diffraction picture that reveals the deformation behavior of post-perovskite.They found that the orientation of post-perovskite's crystals in the deformed rock allowed some seismic waves -- those polarized parallel to the core-mantle boundary -- to travel faster than those polarized perpendicular to it. This anisotropic structure may explain the observations of seismologists using seismic waves to probe the earth's interior."For the first time, we can use mineral physics with diamond-anvil cells at the ALS to get information about how this mineral, post-perovskite, performs under intense pressure," said co-author Hans-Rudolf Wenk, a Professor of the Graduate School in UC Berkeley's Department of Earth and Planetary Science and Miyagi's Ph.D. thesis advisor. "People had suggested this as an explanation for the anisotropy, but now we have experimental evidence.""Understanding how post-perovskite behaves is a good start to understanding what's happening near the mantle's lower reaches," Miyagi said. "We can now begin to interpret flow patterns in this deep layer in the earth."The study, which appears in the Sept. 24 issue of the journal Science, has important implications for understanding how the earth's internal heating and cooling processes work."This will give seismologists confidence in their models by matching what these observations predict with the seismic data they get," said coauthor Waruntorn "Jane" Kanitpanyacharoen, a UC Berkeley graduate student.Post-perovskite was first recognized as a high-pressure phase in the mantle in 2004, and subsequent experiments in diamond-anvil cells have produced the mineral. Wenk and his colleagues in 2007 conducted experiments that they thought had determined the deformation behavior of post-perovskite, but which now appear to have been related to the phase transformation to post-perovskite. This transition takes place at about 1,300,000 times atmospheric pressure (127 gigaPascals) and 2,500 Kelvin (4,000 degrees Fahrenheit).The current experiment showed that post-perovskite's crystal structure is deformed by pressure into a more elongated shape. Because seismic waves travel faster in the stretched direction, this matches the observed difference in velocity between seismic waves polarized horizontally and vertically traveling through the post-perovskite zone above the earth's core.If scientists can gain a better understanding of the core-mantle boundary's behavior, it will give them clues as to how Earth's internal convection works there, where cool tectonic plates descend from the ocean floor through the mantle eventually nearing the dense, liquid-iron outer core, heat up, and begin moving upward again in a repeated cycle that mixes material and heat through the mantle."Understanding how post-perovskite behaves is a good start to understanding what's happening near the mantle's lower reaches," Miyagi said. "We can now begin to interpret flow patterns in this deep layer in the Earth."The work was funded by the National Science Foundation, with support for the ALS from the U.S. Department of Energy.

I octane / Why u searching trouble

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeFc9LkmxVg&feature=related/

Cars of the future - how will they change?

Rapid change is one of the defining features of the car industry we know and love. For more than one hundred years, manufacturers have been battling tooth and nail to build bigger, better, cleverer and faster cars that will out-class rivals and part the motorists from their cash. There's no suggestion that this lightening pace of change is going to change anytime soon.Over the 15 years that MSN has been covering the car industry, the speed at which our cars have developed has been clear for all to see. Drive any model hailing from 1995 and it will feel decidedly dated next to a modern equivalent. That's virtually certain, but what about the differences between the cars we drive now and the ones we will be driving in another 15 years' time?Without a functioning crystal ball, or a DeLorean with the time machine option fitted, seeing into the future is an inexact science. That's not to say we can't have a stab at it though. Here are some of the areas where the car of 2025 is likely to be rather different. They'll be greener
MicrosoftThe motoring agenda has been dominated by all things green over the last few years and there's little sign of the environmental focus abating as we stride forward. The motor industry was rather unfairly cast in the role of eco-enemy a few years back but it's reacted in fine style, slashing vehicle emissions in the short term and investing heavily in alternative fuel technologies for the future. As government legislation controlling pollution from cars tightens and we all fall under growing financial and social pressure to shrink our carbon footprints, the attraction of green cars looks certain to grow. In the first instance, we can expect continuing improvement in the internal combustion engine technology that's powered motorcars since the beginning. Advanced fuel injection systems, variable geometry turbochargers and clever engine management software have boosted the efficiency of petrol and diesel engines and should continue to do so. The alternatives to fossil fuels are also expected to experience a period of growth in the next 15 years or so. We already have hybrid cars but they look like becoming more common and better. Hybrids that can run solely on electric power for long periods are in the pipeline as are 'range-extender' models that use a petrol engine to charge batteries, which then power the electric motors that drive the wheels.Fully electric cars are also on the rise. You can buy models like the Nissan LEAF now but they're sure to become cheaper in the future, even if limited range is likely to restrict their use to urban areas. If improvements in battery technology extend the range of electric cars and the power storage capacity of hybrids, sales could really take off.Hydrogen fuel cell cars have often been touted as a magic bullet for the car's environmental problems but affordable production cars are still some way off. Many manufacturers are conducting trials of working prototypes out on the roads and some are predicting production versions within the next 10 years but major infrastructure investment will be needed for the hydrogen economy to take off. They'll be lighter
MicrosoftLess weight is very desirable in cars. It means less energy is needed to move them around and brings advantages in terms of performance, efficiency and manoeuvrability. For most of the last 15 years, cars have been getting larger and heavier but more recently, we've seen manufacturers starting to put a check on this weight gain.The majority of modern cars are still made of steel but the lightweight properties of aluminium are being employed more regularly on premium models. Plastics, carbonfibre and composite materials are also likely to play a bigger role in the future. Lightweight technologies are a beacon of hope for anyone afraid that the drive to produce greener cars is going to spell the end for thrilling high-performance models. Sports car manufacturers like Ferrari, Lotus and McLaren are at the forefront of developing techniques to minimise weight. It's a way for them to use smaller, greener engines while improving performance and handling. In short, everybody wins. They'll be safer
VolvoNew cars today are safer than they've ever been. You can't by a modern car that isn't loaded with active safety systems to help prevent a crash and passive safety technologies to minimise the danger should one occur. In the future, it seems likely that our cars will continue to push the boundaries but drivers may need to get used to handing over some elements of control.Autonomous vehicle technology is big news in the car industry at the moment. We already have radar-guided cruise control, self-parking systems and technology like Volvo's City Safety that can detect an imminent collision and apply the brakes to avoid it. Much more is possible too but there's concern amongst the major manufacturers over how much control motorists will be willing to hand over to their cars.Would you feel comfortable reading the paper in the back seat while your car drove you to work?They'll be cleverer
AudiIt sometimes seems as though the internet has quietly crept its way into all areas of modern life and it'll be playing an increasingly important role inside our cars in the future.The latest Audi A8 luxury saloon can be specified as a mobile wireless internet hot spot that provides internet access for its occupants and even people who happen to be walking by. More interesting though, are the advantages that the online cars of the future will be able to bring.By connecting with the web, vehicle satellite navigation systems will be able to direct us to free parking spaces or charging points for electric vehicles. There are also systems in development that will let cars communicate with each other, warning of accidents or congestion on our routes.By connecting to our vehicles manufacturers may be able to detect mechanical problems before they materialise or recommend personalised driving tips to enhance fuel economy. We'll also be able to download music and video content direct to our cars from our home computers or third party websites. They'll be monitored
Trafficmaster
The changes that affect drivers in the UK over the next 15 years look like materialising outside the car as much as inside it. The number of cars on the road looks set to carry on rising and we can expect to be more closely monitored than ever before when we drive them.It's a safe bet that some form of road charging will extend beyond the current enclaves of the London Congestion Charge zone and the M6 Toll road. That means more cameras or other means of surveillance. Black boxes inside cars that relay information about when, where and how fast you're driving are nothing new. Car security companies like Cobra and Tracker use the technology to monitor their customers' vehicles and it's been trialled by insurance firms who offer reduced premiums to motorists who agree only to drive limited distances or at less risky times. Tracking systems could also be an alternative to cameras when enforcing variable or average speed limits. There is, however, likely to be a groundswell of public opinion against increased surveillance on the roads.

I octane / Different page

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6afFMNHKSk&feature=related/

My recovery from my recent surface reconaiscence and collection has shown me that work in outer space habitats requires serious concentration when reassimulation back to the estimated home environment, largely because lung capacity is subject of an alignment seriously testing the preparation techniques used before the job to survive the process of the linear zenith crux phasing assertion.

I octane / Think a little time

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7w19h4o5Yfo&feature=related/

I am still struggling with the effects of serious real time phase distortion, much more worrying than I thought it would be. The usual power to weight ratio's I usually gauge with newton observation and perimeter pascal observation. This standard of my training has shown me that corricular phase locations do not represent surface linear equasions, orbital physics now steer linear phase.

I octane / Everytime you touch me

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oiaqOPhwcHs&feature=related/

atmosphere chart picture]

Earth atmosphere collapse puzzles scientists
A recent contraction of the thermosphere was the most intense in 43 years

updated 7/15/2010 8:09:05 PM

An upper layer of Earth's atmosphere recently collapsed in an unexpectedly large contraction, the sheer size of which has scientists scratching their heads, NASA announced Thursday.
The layer of gas called the thermosphere is now rebounding again. This type of collapse is not rare, but its magnitude shocked scientists.
"This is the biggest contraction of the thermosphere in at least 43 years," said John Emmert of the Naval Research Lab, lead author of a paper announcing the finding in the June 19 issue of the journal Geophysical Research Letters. "It's a Space Age record."
The collapse occurred during a period of relative solar inactivity called a solar minimum from 2008 to 2009. These minimums are known to cool and contract the thermosphere, however, the recent collapse was two to three times greater than low solar activity could explain.
"Something is going on that we do not understand," Emmert said.
The thermosphere lies high above the Earth's surface, close to where our planet meets the edge of space. It ranges in altitude from 55 miles (90 km) to 370 miles (600 km) above the ground. At this height, satellites and meteors fly and auroras shine.
The thermosphere interacts strongly with the sun, so is very affected by periods of high or low solar activity. This layer intercepts extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) from the sun before it can reach the ground.

When solar activity is high, solar EUV warms the thermosphere, causing it to puff up like a marshmallow held over a camp fire. When solar activity is low, the opposite occurs.
Recently, solar activity has been at an extreme low. In 2008 and 2009, sunspots were scarce, solar flares almost non-existent, and solar EUV radiation was at a low ebb.
Still, the thermospheric collapse of 2008-2009 was not only bigger than any previous collapse, it was also bigger than the sun's activity alone could explain.
To calculate the collapse, Emmert analyzed the decay rates of more than 5,000 satellites orbiting above Earth between 1967 and 2010. This provided a space-time sampling of thermospheric density, temperature, and pressure covering almost the entire Space Age.
Emmert suggests carbon dioxide (CO2) in the thermosphere might play a role in explaining the atmospheric collapse.
This gas acts as a coolant, shedding heat via infrared radiation. It is widely-known that CO2 levels have been increasing in Earth's atmosphere. Extra CO2 in the thermosphere could have magnified the cooling action of solar minimum.
"But the numbers don't quite add up," Emmert said. "Even when we take CO2 into account using our best understanding of how it operates as a coolant, we cannot fully explain the thermosphere's collapse."
The researchers hope further monitoring of the upper atmosphere will help them get to the bottom of the situation.

I octane / Nuh love inna dem

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4zSomcNETFE&feature=related/

Basing our planet core on a 64 billion year space length, the hell, it's potential plane cover's a space from to monocerus provisionally utilising it's core height weight of kryptonite as it's ceiling potiosphere [I just used that word from my imaginary schematic], with the sum's showing an 8 billion year platiosphere of water above the rim [I just used that word from my imaginary schematic]. The building process is something that the astronaught's would want to do there sum's with probably started with a calcium base foot. My own sum's have seen me go further to the epidermis of the equasion.

I octane / Study yuh friend

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S0OOnY63NBA&feature=related/

Ultrashort Laser Ablation Enables Novel Metal Films

(Sep. 22, 2010) — Laser ablation is well known in medical applications like dermatology and dentistry, and for more than a decade it has been used to vaporize materials that are difficult to evaporate for high-tech applications like deposition of superconductors. Now researchers in the Journal of Applied Physics, which is published by the American Institute of Physics have studied the properties of femtosecond laser ablation plumes to better understand how to apply them to specialized films.

Salvatore Amoruso at University of Naples, Italy and colleagues examined the expansion dynamics of various ultrashort laser ablation plumes and the basic properties of the complicated ablation process in which some material is vaporized in the form of plasma and some in the form of nanoparticles. The team studied the shapes of both the plasma and nanoparticle plumes, which are important for pulsed laser deposition of nanoparticle films.Nanoparticle silver and gold films made by pulsed laser deposition are useful for optical applications such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Nanoparticle films of transition metals such as iron, nickel, or cobalt may be used to catalyse the growth of carbon nanotubes."We can understand our results in terms of some existing models of plume expansion," says co-author James Lunney at Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. "We also see evidence that the pressure in the plasma plume has an influence on the expansion of the nanoparticle plume. Analysis of these expansion dynamics may also improve our physical understanding of the overall ablation process."

I octane / Mine who u a diss

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gMfC8JytHM&feature=related/

Estimating a local population of 3.6 trillion stars from the base of 64 billion years ago in the now visible spectrum, the complete sextulation to the octive represents a quantity that certainly would not represent the octives local arc mass significantly questioning the order necessary for trigonometry mathmatics to the circumference of the element atomic mass. Thus, an early body composition of gallium = cadmium = chloride = chlorine = krypton = silver = platinum = paladium = rhodium = rutherfodium would need a golden mean of an equalateral acute obtruse obviously showing the tetrahedron compatability to a 12 family constellation at the obtuse acute.

CSI: X-Ray Fingerprints
Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Also Provides Spectroscopic Information

December 1, 2006 — Ordinary invasive fingerprinting techniques, such as dusting, are prone to damaging evidence. Micro-X-ray fluorescence images fingerprints without touching them. By stimulating atoms to emit signature wavelengths of light, MXRF also provides chemical information -- such as traces of soil or saliva left in the fingerprints -- in addition to the print pattern itself.
LOS ALAMOS, N.M. -- Popular television crime shows solve cases in an hour. But in real life, cracking a case isn't a quick, easy game -- especially when it comes to finding fingerprints.
...And it was no game when thieves robbed Tatiana Bonilla's home, stealing pricey jewelry. "The police didn't find anything ... It was never solved, and it's been a year," she says.
Police dusted for fingerprints in Bonilla's home, but some fingerprinting techniques can alter a print, erasing valuable clues. Now, chemists have a new, non-invasive way to detect prints -- using X-rays to find chemicals within print patterns.
"You can also get chemical information in addition to the print pattern itself, so you can tell, for instance, that there's some unusual element that's located in that fingerprint," Chris Worley, an analytical chemist at Los Alamos National Laboratory, tells DBIS.
The process, called micro X-ray fluorescence (MXRF), zaps a print with a tiny X-ray beam that mixes with atoms left behind from sweat or evidence. Next, the atoms give off information, revealing what chemicals are present. Chemicals, like potassium, then form an image of a fingerprint.
"This is a new way of visualizing fingerprints in cases where perhaps we couldn't detect a fingerprint with the traditional methods," Worley says.
Scientists say the MXRF technique could be used to better track down missing children. Children's fingerprints are more difficult to detect -- the new method could better detect prints based on chemicals left behind in a child's fingerprints due to food, soil or saliva.

BACKGROUND: Scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a new fingerprint visualization technique using X-rays that leaves prints intact and reveals chemical markers that could give investigators new clues for tracking criminals and missing persons. Traditional fingerprinting methods involve treating samples with powders, liquids, or vapors to add color to the print, so it can easily be photographed. This process is known as contrast enhancement. However, dusting for fingerprints can sometimes alter the prints, erasing valuable forensic clues. Children’s fingerprints are especially difficult to detect.

HOW MXRF WORKS: The new technique uses a process called micro-X-ray fluorescence (MXRF), which rapidly reveals the elemental composition of a sample by shining a thin beam of X-rays onto it without disturbing the sample. All chemical elements emit and absorb radiation at a "signature" frequency of light. For instance, sodium emits primarily orange light, while oxygen (used in neon lights) emits green light. Scientists can pass collected light through an instrument called a spectrograph to spread it into a spectrum, much like visible light spreads into a rainbow of colors by a prism. By carefully studying how the spectrum becomes brighter or darker at each wavelength, scientists can tell what chemical elements are present in a given sample.

WHAT THEY FOUND: The researchers used MXRF to detect the sodium, potassium and chlorine from salts excreted in human sweat – which is sometimes present in detectable quantities in fingerprints. Since those salts are deposited along the ridge patterns in a fingerprint, it is possible to use the elemental analysis to produce a visual image of that fingerprint for analysis. It is especially useful for tracking down lost or missing children: the new method can detect prints based on chemical markers left behind in the child’s fingerprints due to the presence of food, soil or saliva, and this information can be used to track down evidence of the child’s movements.

ABOUT X-RAYS: Like visible light, X-rays are wavelike forms of electromagnetic energy (light) carried by tiny particles called photons. The only difference is the higher energy level of the individual photons, and the corresponding shorter wavelength of the rays, which make them undetectable by the human eye. X-ray photons have energies that range from hundreds to thousands of times higher than those of visible photons. X-ray machines image the outline of bones and organs, while a CT scan machine forms a full three-dimensional computer model of the inside of a patient's body. Doctors can even examine the body one narrow slice at a time. The X-ray beam moves all around the patient, scanning from hundreds of different angles, and the computer takes all that information to compile a 3D image of the body.

world's largest oil companies graph chart]

microsoft picture]

Current Decisions Shape Your Future Preferences

(Sep. 23, 2010) — Psychologists have known for a long time that after you make a choice, you adjust your opinion to think better of the thing you chose. Now a new study has found that this is true even if you don't know the options that you're choosing between.
People change their minds about a choice after they make it. If you ask someone how he feels about Athens and Paris, he might rate them the same. But after you make him choose one as a vacation destination, he'll rate that city higher. This is thought to be a way to reduce the psychological tension that is created by rejecting one perfectly reasonable alternative and picking another one.But recently critics have pointed out a flaw in this experimental design: the person might actually have already liked Paris more than Athens, but for some reason this preexisting preference didn't show up when he was asked to rate them.Tali Sharot and Raymond J. Dolan of University College London and Cristina M. Velasquez of Lake Forest College set out to improve on the experimental design. They asked people to rate a list of vacation destinations, and then choose between pairs of places. Next, the participants were told they were taking part in a test of subliminal decision making: they would have to choose between the names of two vacation destinations shown on a screen, side by side, for two milliseconds. However, what actually flashed on the screen was nonsense strings (such as "%^!x *&()%), so the participants were making a completely blind choice. After the test was finished, they were told which place they'd chosen and were asked to rate the destinations again.Indeed, people's evaluations of the destinations they chose improved; if they blindly chose Thailand, they rated it higher after the test than they did before. The study is published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science."It's a relief to know that psychologists are right about this basic principle," says Tali Sharot. But "The effect is much smaller than what we usually see when we do non-blind choice." This means that the critics were right to point out the flaw in the usual experimental design; people do have a preexisting preference, even if it's not strong enough to show up in ratings. Her team has also found this to be true using functional MRI studies, a kind of imaging that shows activity in the brain.

Pleiadian arians]

So...As my post descriptive say's... The future is being managed now, and really worryingly is that given the opportunity to create safe and realiable economies based upon safe and reliable principles the people who are paid to get the job working properly are as my opinion say's ''throwing away precious breathing space'', significantly important defence strengthening and weakening feild science for future research and man management.

First Study of Dispersants in Gulf Spill Suggests a Prolonged Deepwater Fate

(Jan. 26, 2011) — To combat last year's Deepwater Horizon oil spill, nearly 800,000 gallons of chemical dispersant were injected directly into the oil and gas flow coming out of the wellhead nearly one mile deep in the Gulf of Mexico. Now, as scientists begin to assess how well the strategy worked at breaking up oil droplets, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) chemist Elizabeth B. Kujawinski and her colleagues report that a major component of the dispersant itself was contained within an oil-gas-laden plume in the deep ocean and had still not degraded some three months after it was applied.
While the results suggest the dispersant did mingle with the oil and gas flowing from the mile-deep wellhead, they also raise questions about what impact the deep-water residue of oil and dispersant -- which some say has its own toxic effects -- might have had on environment and marine life in the Gulf.
"This study gives our colleagues the first environmental data on the fate of dispersants in the spill," said Kujawinski, who led a team that also included scientists from UC Santa Barbara. "These data will form the basis of toxicity studies and modeling studies that can assess the efficacy and impact of the dispersants.
"We don't know if the dispersant broke up the oil," she added. "We found that it didn't go away, and that was somewhat surprising."
The study, which appears online Jan. 26 in the American Chemical Society (ACS) journal Environmental Science &Technology, is the first peer-reviewed research to be published on the dispersant applied to the Gulf spill and the first data in general on deep application of a dispersant, according to ACS and Kujawinski. Some previous studies had indicated that dispersants applied to surface oil spills can help prevent surface slicks from endangering marshes and coastlines.
Kujawinski and her colleagues found one of the dispersant's key components, called DOSS (dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate), was present in May and June -- in parts-per-million concentrations--in the plume from the spill more than 3,000 feet deep. The plume carried its mixture of oil, natural gas and dispersant in a southwest direction, and DOSS was detected there at lower (parts-per-billion) concentrations in September.
Using a new, highly sensitive chromatographic technique that she and WHOI colleague Melissa C. Kido Soule developed, Kujawinski reports those concentrations of DOSS indicate that little or no biodegradation of the dispersant substance had occurred. The deep-water levels suggested any decrease in the compound could be attributed to normal, predictable dilution. They found further evidence that the substance did not mix with the 1.4 million gallons of dispersant applied at the ocean surface and appeared to have become trapped in deepwater plumes of oil and natural gas reported previously by other WHOI scientists and members of this research team. The team also found a striking relationship between DOSS levels and levels of methane, which further supports their assertion that DOSS became trapped in the subsurface.
Though the study was not aimed at assessing the possible toxicity of the lingering mixture -- Kujawinski said she would "be hard pressed to say it was toxic" -- it nevertheless warrants toxicity studies into possible effects on corals and deep-water fish such as tuna, she said. The EPA and others have already begun or are planning such research, she added.
David Valentine of UC Santa Barbara and a co-investigator in the study, said, "This work provides a first glimpse at the fate and reactivity of chemical dispersants applied in the deep ocean. By knowing how the dispersant was distributed in the deep ocean, we can begin to assess the subsurface biological exposure, and ultimately what effects the dispersant might have had."
"The results indicate that an important component of the chemical dispersant injected into the oil in the deep ocean remained there, and resisted rapid biodegradation," said Valentine, whose team collected the samples for Kujawinski's laboratory analysis. "This knowledge will ultimately help us to understand the efficacy of the dispersant application, as well as the biological effects."
Kujawinski and Valentine were joined in the study by Soule and Krista Longnecker of WHOI, Angela K. Boysen a summer student at WHOI, and Molly C. Redmond of UC Santa Barbara. The work was funded by WHOI and the National Science Foundation. The instrumentation was funded by the National Science Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
In Kujawinski's technique, the target molecule was extracted from Gulf water samples with a cartridge that isolates the DOSS molecule. She and her colleagues then observed the molecule through a mass spectrometer, ultimately calculating its concentration levels in the oil and gas plume. This method is 1,000 times more sensitive than that used by the EPA and could be used to monitor this molecule for longer time periods over longer distances from the wellhead, she said.
"With this method, we were able to tell how much [dispersant] was there and where it went," Kujawinski said. She and her colleagues detected DOSS up to around 200 miles from the wellhead two to three months after the deep-water injection took place, indicating the mixture was not biodegrading rapidly.
"Over 290,000 kg, or 640,000 pounds, of DOSS was injected into the deep ocean from April to July," she said. "That's a staggering amount, especially when you consider that this compound comprises only 10% of the total dispersant that was added."
Kujawinski cautioned that "we can't be alarmist" about the possible implications of the lingering dispersant. Concentrations considered "toxic" are at least 1,000 times greater than those observed by Kujawinski and her colleagues, she said. But because relatively little is known about the potential effects of this type of dispersant/hydrocarbon combination in the deep ocean, she added, "We need toxicity studies."
"The decision to use chemical dispersants at the sea floor was a classic choice between bad and worse," Valentine said. "And while we have provided needed insight into the fate and transport of the dispersant we still don't know just how serious the threat is; the deep ocean is a sensitive ecosystem unaccustomed to chemical irruptions like this, and there is a lot we don't understand about this cold, dark world."
"The good news is that the dispersant stayed in the deep ocean after it was first applied," Kujawinski says. "The bad news is that it stayed in the deep ocean and did not degrade."

Marilyn Monroe picture]

Comp.

2011-01-26T00:43:00.041Z

Rubiks cube picture]

This post is about direction, as a spaceman that just wants to explore, my imagination is what I consider my greatest gift, truly I believe man a specially talented sentient because of his ability to pursue his history. I have an ambition to learn and explore as much as possible of my, our, our species evolution and path. Apart from being interested and educated to work with gem stones, the possibilities for working in space specifically to explore planetary terrain and extra curricular dimensions is what I'm doing in and around the space business we have at this era. It totally excites, even to the degree that as a boy I could not wait for the teachers to teach me, I ran ahead and got results as soon as possible scouting up and down in and around the countries graphology. Where are we going? Why? I must... Many many of us feel the need to expand into space, hopefully we will achieve that with sensibility and unity.

23rd Psalm

The Lord's my shepherd,
I'll not want; He makes me down to lie In pastures green;
he leadeth me
The quiet waters by.
My soul he doth restore again,
And me to walk doth make
Within the paths of righteousness,
E'en for his own name's sake.
Yea, though I walk in death's dark vale,
Yet will I fear no ill:For thou art with me,and thy rod
And staff me comfort still.
My table thou hast furnished
In presence of my foes;
My head thou dost with oil anoint
And my cup overflows.
Goodness and mercy all my life
Shall surely follow me;
And in God's house for evermore
My dwelling-place shall be.

23rd Psalm Psalm 23,

The lord is my Sheperd

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-qLa_2GPcM&feature=related/

Wet wet wet / Angel eyes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFetQ3zemcA&feature=related/

United federation of planets journalism picture]

Russian federation picture]

My much preferred USSR picture]

A typical looking class 1 Earth female. Naomi Campbell an English Jamaican ambassador for multi unilateral space ethics.

Naomi Campbell picture]

Naomi Campbell picture]

Naomi Campbell picture]

Naomi Campbell picture]

Naomi Campbell picture]

Naomi Campbell / Russian TV advert

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KnacmwY6MJI/

You Naomi are an extremely beautiful woman.

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2011/04/image/a/format/xlarge_web/

I have shown this video before, but, I thought it would be relevant...

http://www.metacafe.com/watch/3672010/cloaked_ufos_shooting_plasma_in_the_night/

Question: Why Are Babies Born with Blue Eyes?

Answer: You inherit your eye color from your parents, but no matter what the color is now, it may have been blue when you were born. Why? Melanin, the brown pigment molecule that colors your skin, hair, and eyes, hadn't been fully deposited in the irises of your eyes or darkened by exposure to ultraviolet light. The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light that is allowed to enter. Some other animals are born with blue eyes, too, such as kittens. Melanin is a protein. Like other proteins, the amount and type you get is coded in your genes. Irises containing a large amount of melanin appear black or brown. Less melanin produces green, gray, or light brown eyes. If your eyes contain very small amounts of melanin, they will appear blue or light gray. People with albinism have no melanin in their irises and their eyes may appear pink because the blood vessels in the back of their eyes reflect light. Melanin production generally increases during the first year of a baby's life, leading to a deepening of eye color. The color is often stable by about 6 months of age. However, several factors can affect eye color, including use of certain medications and environmental factors. Some people experience changes in eye color over the course of their lives. People can have eyes of two colors.

Wet wet wet / Put the light on

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXzAtPBmKcY&feature=related/

Typewriter design]

Wet wet wet / Sweet little mystery

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8W4JCPZbxo&feature=related/

World's Fastest Camera Takes a New Look at Biosensing

(Dec. 1, 2010) — A European consortium comprising NPL, ST Microelectronics, the University of Edinburgh, and TU Delft has been involved in the development and application of the Megaframe Imager -- an ultrafast camera capable of recording images at the incredible rate of one million frames.
Faster, higher resolution camerasSince the introduction of solid-state optical sensors, like those found in digital cameras, the main trend has been towards increasing the resolution (i.e. number of pixels) while miniaturising the chip.However, the other factor is the number of frames the chip is capable of recording in a given time. Until recently, fast cameras (i.e. those capturing more than the 24 frames per second required for 'normal' video) were only used in niche markets in science and entertainment.Ultrafast camerasNow that higher-than-video speeds are achievable, a whole new range of previously unthinkable applications have emerged -- such as: cellular / sub-cellular imaging; neural imaging; biochemical sensors; DNA / protein microarray scanning; automotive collision studies; and high-sensitivity astronomical observations.The Megaframe Imager uses an extremely sensitive single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) device, and bespoke on-chip intelligence and has shown for the first time that it could potentially be a powerful technology in biosensing.Reporting in the Optical Society of America's new journal Biomedical Optics Express the research team have demonstrated detection of viral DNA binding events using fluoresence lifetime imaging at the very low target concentrations relevant in biosensing applications with acquisition times of less than 30 seconds.DNA microarrays are important tools for biomolecular detection. Widely used for gene expression profiling, disease screening, mutation and forensic analysis, they also hold much promise for the future development of personalised drugs and point of care testing devices.This work was funded by the EU's Sixth Framework programme.

Blonde picture]

Wet wet wet / Somewhere somehow

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qujno4cNP4&feature=related/

http://www.keezmovies.com/video/gina-lynn-cums-on-his-cock-475729

Traffic Reports From Your Cell PhoneCivil Engineers Track Roaming Cell Phones to Monitor Traffic

March 1, 2006 — Real-time cell phone use data can now be turned into better travel information. The new system, being tested in some states, follows the movement of cell phone signals from one cell tower to another. Slower switches from tower to tower indicate that traffic is slowing down.
BALTIMORE--Frustrated and stuck in a traffic tie-up? Now, your cell phone might be able to get you out of it. Commuters trapped in traffic might find relief on the phone with a new technology that's helping unlock highway gridlock. We sit, we wait, we inch along ... And with time to kill and no where to go, it's no wonder many drivers turn to a cell phone for relief. Now, civil engineers are putting all that talk time to good use with new technology that monitors jammed-up roads by tracking cell phone signals. Mike Zezeski, a civil engineer at the Maryland State Highway Administration in Baltimore, says, "We are pretty much taking data from the cellular provider and converting it to travel time." The new system works whether you're talking on your cell phone or not; the phone only needs to be turned on. The technology follows the movement of cell phone signals from one cell tower to another. When this information is displayed on a map, it shows how quickly or slowly traffic is moving. "When you start to see oranges and yellow, that means traffic's starting to slow up," Zezeski says. "The technology will provide the motorists with really good travel information, much better than what they have today." The more accurate and reliable mapping system is a faster way to warn drivers of traffic accidents and give alternate routes before drivers are stuck in a sea of brake lights. This new traffic system cannot monitor your conversations, only your cell signal. So far, Maryland, Virginia, Missouri and Georgia have already started testing the new system on roadways.

BACKGROUND: Cell phones are everywhere, so scientists want to use them as tracking devices. Several state transportation agencies, including those in Maryland and Virginia, are starting to test technology that allows them to watch traffic patterns by tracking cell phone signals and comparing them to road grids. These new traffic systems can monitor several hundred thousand cell phones at once -- not private phone calls, just the radio signals emitted by the devices. The phones only need to be turned on, not necessarily in use. And advanced software now makes it possible to tell whether a signal is coming from a moving car or a pedestrian, for example.

HOW IT WORKS: Any cell phone that is turned on constantly interacts with cellular towers, which are placed every few hundred feet in a metropolitan area, or every half-mile or so in a rural area. In the new system, listening posts are placed throughout a city that can detect but not send radio signals. The listening post picks up a signal from a cell phone that's on and time-stamps the signal's arrival. By analyzing how long it takes the radio wave to reach the listening post from the cell phone, a computer can calculate almost precisely where someone is located on the highway. Three such posts are needed to determine a 2D position of a cell phone user. Radio tags, or transponders, can also be placed along highways to time when vehicles pass between those points. This data is fed into a computer system, which can then determine the car's location and speed. Collected information can be disseminated via Web sites, electronic road signs, or even registered cell phone users who sign up for customized traffic reports. By getting this information to commuters more quickly, they will have more time to react to traffic warnings and avoid congested areas.

TRAFFICKING IN PHYSICS: On a sparsely populated highway the cars are generally far apart, and can move at whatever speed they choose while freely maneuvering between lanes. A physicist would compare this to molecules in a gas, which are spaced further apart and move around randomly, only occasionally encountering other molecules. During rush hour, traffic density is much greater, so there is less room for cars to maneuver without risking collision, and the average speed is lower. Traffic is more like a liquid at that point. If the density of cars on the highway becomes too great, the flow of traffic freezes up: clusters of a "solid" can form, where cars are packed so closely together they can't move -- a traffic jam.TRAFFIC FACTS: State and federal agencies spend $750 million a year on traffic monitoring with sensors, signal meters and other technologies. It is not yet clear how much a cell phone monitoring system would cost. The average American motorist spends 36 hours in traffic delays ever year. The cost of traffic congestion in the U.S. alone is about $78 billion, representing the 4.5 billion hours of travel time and 6.8 billion gallons of fuel wasted sitting in traffic.

Arrested Development / Everyday people

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgtcTVDcjH0&feature=related/

Starfleet corps of engineers]

Delta 4-Heavy's hush-hush payload found and identified

The clandestine cargo carried into polar orbit Thursday aboard the first California-launched Delta 4-Heavy rocket was a crucial replacement satellite for the nation's surveillance and security network, amateur sky-watchers say.
The sophisticated imaging bird follows a long line of Keyhole-type spacecraft that provide ultra-high resolution imagery for the U.S. intelligence community, according to hobbyists who track orbiting satellites with remarkable precision. Ever since the Delta 4-Heavy rocket fired away from Space Launch Complex 6 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, the amateur observers have been hunting for the new satellite to figure out its identity. The conventional wisdom before the launch said the payload would fly into the Keyhole satellite constellation, and observations from the past few days proved the guess correct. The government agency responsible for operating the country's fleet of spy satellites, the National Reconnaissance Office, doesn't publicly reveal the characteristics of the spacecraft being launched. But the satellite trackers, located around the globe, can easily determine the payload by the type of orbit each new craft reach. Built by Lockheed Martin, the telescope-like Keyhole satellites are electro-optical imaging craft that circle the planet in elliptical polar orbits and collect pictures for U.S. national security uses. There have now been 15 such launches since 1976, all but one successfully reaching orbit, said Ted Molczan, a respected observer who keeps tabs on orbiting spacecraft. The newest satellite joins the two primary Keyholes in space today, having launched in 2001 and 2005 from Vandenberg aboard Titan 4 rockets, plus an older one deployed in 1996 that's still running in a backup role. The Delta 4-Heavy flight targeted the orbit of the 2001 satellite, apparently to assume the lead observation duties from the aging craft that's now achieved the record for the longest prime mission duration, Molczan says.
"This aged spacecraft probably is nearing the end of its useful life, which typically is determined by the supply of propellant required to maintain the orbit," said Molczan.
The NRO on Thursday hailed the so-called NROL-49 launch as a success, which marked the Delta 4-Heavy's maiden mission from California and the largest rocket ever flown from the West Coast.
"I'm grateful to everybody who worked so hard to make this mission happen, the launch team, the satellite vehicle team and our mission partners. It is always a great feeling to have hard work culminate in success. When the satellite becomes operational, it will assure the U.S. continues to enjoy superior vigilance from above," Col. Alan Davis, Office of Space Launch director, said in the NRO's post-launch press release.
When the 2005 launch went up, it was supposed to be the final Keyhole before the NRO's Future Imagery Architecture program began fielding a new generation of optical and radar spy satellites.
"Reconnaissance satellites had always been the bread-and-butter of the Lockheed Martin family of companies and they firmly expected that they would be awarded these new contracts. But, in a major surprise, Boeing was the apparent low-bidder and awarded contracts [in 1999] to develop both new satellite programs -- even though the company had never designed nor built a reconnaissance spacecraft," said aerospace journalist Roger Guillemette, who has covered military and intelligence space projects since the 1990s.
"After massive cost overruns, missed schedule milestones and unresolved technical issues, the original version of FIA was finally killed in 2005 after more than $15 billion was spent on a program that never built a single piece of flight hardware."

Needing to fill the void from the cancelled FIA program, the NRO ordered the construction of Keyhole satellites be restarted to build two additional satellites that would protect the nation's surveillance capabilities.

The mission patch for Thursday's NROL-49 launch actually included the Latin inscription: "melior diabolus quem scies." Loosely translated: "the devil you know." Better the devil you know (Keyhole) than the devil you don't know (FIA).

"NROL-49 is believed to be one of two replacement KH-11 ordered from Lockheed Martin as a stop-gap until a successor to FIA becomes available. The second one would replace the 2005 spacecraft, likely around 2013," Molczan said.
The next Delta 4-Heavy launch from Vandenberg is scheduled for late 2013.
The FIA program had promised smaller satellites that could fit aboard medium-class rockets and the heavy-lift Titan 4 flew into retirement with the last-planned Keyhole in 2005.
"The logic was that constellations of smaller, cheaper spacecraft could be launched in greater quantities resulting in more frequent overhead passes. This increase in imaging opportunities would mean that enemy forces could no longer hide from satellite passes and battlefield commanders would receive more timely overhead imagery," said Guillemette.
"Two new spacecraft designs -- electro-optical and radar-imaging -- would be developed under the Future Imagery Architecture program. One key goal was to reduce the spacecraft size and weight. Lighter spacecraft would require smaller, less expensive launch vehicles as opposed to the aging KH-11 (optical) and LACROSSE (radar) satellites that weighed as much as a bus and could only be launched by very expensive Titan 4 rockets or the space shuttle."
But the severe technical and budgetary woes killed the original FIA plan and forced the government to buy more of the tried-and-true big Keyhole birds that require a powerful ride into space.
"Lockheed Martin was tasked to create updated versions of its venerable KH-11 electro-optical reconnaissance satellite that will still require the heavy-lift launch capacity of the Delta 4-Heavy," Guillemette said.
The return to the massive satellites that needed the mighty Titan boosters to reach orbit meant the Air Force would have to bring the new-generation Delta 4-Heavy to Vandenberg for these two missions of extra Keyholes. The pad at Space Launch Complex 6 underwent an extensive upgrade over the past three years to accommodate the giant rocket.
Vandenberg is the nation's launch site for sending intelligence-gathering surveillance craft into polar orbits for imaging nearly all of the planet's surface.
The triple-barreled Delta 4-Heavy dramatically rose into the clear sky with fire and smoke at 1:10 p.m. PST, then headed southward over the open Pacific for an ascent that Molczan said was timed perfectly to achieve the intended Keyhole orbit.
And the long-term future for optical reconnaissance appears to be under development once again, Molczan says, which would send up a new breed of satellite several years from now, probably to replace the bird launched Thursday.
"Lockheed Martin announced on July 27, that it was developing what is believed to be the successor to the KH-11 and the cancelled FIA optical satellite, for which it expects to receive a multi-billion dollar order to begin construction in 2012. The first launch probably is targeted for about 2017, by which time NROL-49 would be nearing retirement."

Blonde picture]

Wet wet wet / More than love

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eeVsux7oJI&feature=related/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpMXDtyFj74

Wet wet wet / Love is all around

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQQ6SfPZggw/

Gardening in Space With HydroTropi

(Jan. 19, 2011) — Plants are fundamental to life on Earth, converting light and carbon dioxide into food and oxygen. Plant growth may be an important part of human survival in exploring space, as well. Gardening in space has been part of the International Space Station from the beginning -- whether peas grown in the Lada greenhouse or experiments in the Biomass Production System. The space station offers unique opportunities to study plant growth and gravity, something that cannot be done on Earth.
The latest experiment that has astronauts putting their green thumbs to the test is Hydrotropism and Auxin-Inducible Gene expression in Roots Grown Under Microgravity Conditions, known as HydroTropi. Operations were conducted October 18-21, 2010, HydroTropi is a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)-run study that looks at directional root growth. In microgravity, roots grow latterly or sideways, instead of up and down like they do under Earth's gravitational forces.Using cucumber plants (scientific name Cucumis sativus), investigators look to determine whether hydrotropic -- plant root orientation due to water -- response can control the direction of root growth in microgravity. To perform the HydroTropi experiment, astronauts transport the cucumber seeds from Earth to the space station and then coax them into growth. The seeds, which reside in Hydrotropism chambers, undergo 18 hours of incubation in a Cell Biology Experiment Facility or CBEF. Then the crewmembers activate the seeds with water or a saturated salt solution, followed by a second application of water 4 to 5 hours later. The crew harvests the cucumber seedlings and preserves them using fixation tubes called Kenney Space Center Fixation Tubes or KFTs, which then store in one of the station MELFI freezers to await return to Earth.The results from HydroTropi, which returns to Earth on STS-133, will help investigators to better understand how plants grow and develop at a molecular level. The experiment will demonstrate a plant's ability to change growth direction in response to gravity (gravitropism) vs. directional growth in response to water (hydrotropism). By looking at the reaction of the plants to the stimuli and the resulting response of differential auxin -- the compound regulating the growth of plants -- investigators will learn about plants inducible gene expression. In space, investigators hope HydroTropi will show them how to control directional root growth by using the hydrotropism stimulus; this knowledge may also lead to significant advancements in agriculture production on Earth.

Blonde picture]

Wet wet wet / This time

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHMyxLiA9Lg&feature=related/

Laser Propulsion Could Beam Rockets into Space

Space launches have evoked the same image for decades: bright orange flames exploding beneath a rocket as it lifts, hovers and takes off into the sky. But an alternative propulsion system proposed by some researchers could change that vision.Instead of explosive chemical reactions onboard a rocket, the new concept, called beamed thermal propulsion, involves propelling a rocket by shining laser light or microwaves at it from the ground. The technology would make possible a reusable single-stage rocket that has two to five times more payload space than conventional rockets, which would cut the cost of sending payloads into low-Earth orbit.NASA is now conducting a study to examine the possibility of using beamed energy propulsion for space launches. The study is expected to conclude by March 2011.

In a traditional chemical rocket propulsion system, fuel and oxidizer are pumped into the combustion chamber under high pressure and burnt, which creates exhaust gases that are ejected down from a nozzle at high velocity, thrusting the rocket upwards.A beamed thermal propulsion system would involve focusing microwave or laser beams on a heat exchanger aboard the rocket. The heat exchanger would transfer the radiation's energy to the liquid propellant, most likely hydrogen, converting it into a hot gas that is pushed out of the nozzle."The basic idea is to build rockets that leave their energy source on the ground," says Jordin Kare, president of Kare Technical Consulting, who developed the laser thermal launch system concept in 1991. "You transmit the energy from the ground to the vehicle."With the beam shining on the vehicle continually, it would take 8 to 10 minutes for a laser to put a craft into orbit, while microwaves would do the trick in 3 to 4 minutes. The vehicle would have to be designed without shiny surfaces that could reflect dangerous beams, and aircraft and satellites would have to be kept out of the beam's path. Any launch system would be built in high-altitude desert areas, so danger to wildlife shouldn't be a concern, Kare says.Thermal propulsion vehicles would be safer than chemical rockets since they can't explode and don't drop off pieces as they fly. They are also smaller and lighter because most of the complexity is on the ground, which makes them easier and cheaper to launch."People can launch small satellites for education, science experiments, engineering tests, etc. whenever they want, instead of having to wait for a chance to share a ride with a large satellite," Kare says.Another cost advantage comes from larger payload space. While conventional propulsion systems are limited by the amount of chemical energy in the propellant that's released by combustion, in beamed systems you can add more energy externally. That means a spacecraft can gain a certain momentum using less than half the amount of propellant of a conventional system, allowing more room for the payload."Usually in a conventional rocket you have to have three stages with a payload fraction of three percent overall," says Kevin Parkin, leader of the Microwave Thermal Rocket project at the NASA Ames Research Center. "This propulsion system will be single stage with a payload fraction of five to fifteen percent."

Having a higher payload space along with a reusable rocket could make beamed thermal propulsion a low-cost way to get material into low Earth orbit, Parkin says.Parkin developed the idea of microwave thermal propulsion in 2001 and described a laboratory prototype in his 2006 Ph.D. thesis. A practical real-world system should be possible to build now because microwave sources called gyrotrons have transformed in the last five decades, he says. One megawatt devices are now on the market for about a million U.S. dollars."They're going up in power and down in cost by orders of magnitude over the last few decades," he says. "We've reached a point where you can combine about a hundred and make a launch system."Meanwhile, the biggest obstacle to using lasers to beam energy has been the misconception that it would require a very large, expensive laser, Kare says. But you could buy commercially available lasers that fit on a shipping container and build an array of a few hundred. "Each would have its own telescope and pointing system," he says. "The array would cover an area about the size of a golf course."The smallest real laser launch system would have 25 to 100 megawatts of power while a microwave system would have 100 to 200 megawatts. Building such an array would be expensive, says Kare, although similar to or even less expensive than developing and testing a chemical rocket. The system would make most economic sense if it was used for at least a few hundred launches a year.In addition, says Parkin, "the main components of the beam facility should last for well over ten thousand hours of operation, typical of this class of hardware, so the savings can more than repay the initial cost."In the near term, beamed energy propulsion would be useful for putting microsatellites into low Earth orbit, for altitude changes or for slowing down spacecraft as they descend to Earth. But the technology could in the future be used to send missions to the Moon or to other planets and for space tourism.Kare has looked into the possibility of using lasers to propel interstellar probes for NASA's Institute of Advanced Concepts. A deep space launch would require higher power lasers with larger telescope systems as well as laser relay stations in space. Powering missions over interplanetary distance would require even bigger lasers and telescopes, as well as different propulsion techniques using propellants easier to store than liquid hydrogen.Sending a spacecraft to a moon of Jupiter, for instance, would require a laser that gives billions of watts of power. "You'd have to have another couple generations of space-based telescopes to do something like that," Kare says. "You can in fact launch an interstellar probe that way but now you're talking about lasers that might be hundreds of billions of Watts of power." Laser technology could reach those levels in another 50 years, he says.

A tribe called quest / Phoney rappers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zD_YUqA4sXg&feature=related/

http://video.uk.msn.com/watch/video/best-football-goal-of-2010/1j4dyo31o

Medical Records on Your Cell Phone Computer Scientists Turn Cell Phones into Health Care Resource

March 1, 2006 — New software technology allows cell phone and PDA users to download their medical records, making them quickly accessible in case of emergency. The new software, to be available in a year, can even display animated 3D scans. Computer scientists say the technology will also enable students to do research using their portable devices. SAN DIEGO--Imagine if your medical records were lost or misplaced. It can cause more than aggravation; it could impact the care you receive. Now, imagine being able to download your own health records -- even X-rays and diagnostic scans -- right into your cell phone or PDA. The same technology that brings games to life in your cell phone can also help you and your doctor keep track of your health. Gregory Quinn, a computer scientist at the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California, San Diego, says, "We can do quite amazing things in terms of presenting information." Many of the newer cells phones and PDAs have a graphics chip like the one in your PC. The chip can turn your phone into a virtual medical library, complete with stunning 3D computer graphics and medical scans. Quinn is developing a program that will allow doctors to view a patient's medical history on mobile devices. Cardiologist Michael Wright believes mobile medical records will not only help doctors, it will simplify things for patients. Dr. Wright, who is medical director at the LifeScore Clinic in San Diego says: "Right now your medical records are scattered here and there. You don't really have easy access to them." With Quinn's program, medical notes and patient tests can be downloaded onto a cell phone in just minutes. "Let's say, for example, I had done a scan here and had picked up a narrowed blood vessel coming down the surface of the heart. That would be visible on this 3D model," Dr. Wright says. All the data on a phone is stored in the memory expansion slot. In these medical phones, however, Instead of music and digital pictures, it could hold a virtual scan of the body and much more. "It really does provide a, an on going, growing medical record that they can always have with them," Dr. Wright tells DBIS. The 3D mobile medical data program should be available within a year. Quinn's program isn't limited to medical information. He says students will be able to retrieve science and other information on their cell phones during class.

BACKGROUND: Half a billion cell phones are sold each year, and within two years most of these will be inter-connected devices and contain built-in 2D/3D graphics accelerators. Scientists may be able to use these devices to disseminate visual information and scientific data, such as real-time molecular and medical data. For developing countries in particular, the cell phone will become their first and/or primary computing device. It's high-end data visualization for the masses.

MAKING PHONES SMARTER:
So-called "smartphones" relate to a single device that can take care of all your handheld computing and communications needs in a single small package, integrating digital photography, cellular communication, calendars and address books, GPS navigation, email, and even play music or games. The biggest advantage is that smartphones allow users to install, configure and run their favorite applications, creating individual, tailor-made service. In contrast, most standard cell-phone software offers only limited configurations for personalizing the device.ABOUT GRAPHICS

ACCELERATORS:
A graphics accelerator is a type of video adapter that contains its own microprocessor, enabling higher performance. It has its own memory for storing graphical representations. Among other advantages, graphics accelerators free up the computer's central processing unit. The CPU can do other tasks while the graphics accelerator is processing the graphics. When computation tasks are divided in this way, it is known as "load balancing." Today, graphics accelerators are not just an enhancement, but a necessity, and are bundled automatically into mid-range and high-range computers.GOING DIGITAL: Digital cell phones use the same radio technology as analog phones, but unlike analog signals, digital signals can be compressed and manipulated to fit more calls onto a given bandwidth. It's also why more cable companies are switching to digital to gain more channels. Using digital cell phones, three to ten digital calls can occupy the same space as a single analog call.

Blonde picture]

A tribe called quest / Verses from the abstract

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ju0Mj7QrBUU&feature=related/

http://www.keezmovies.com/video/gina-lynn-is-a-fantasy-milf-449457

Discovery Triples Number of Stars in Universe

(Dec. 1, 2010) — Astronomers have discovered that small, dim stars known as red dwarfs are much more prolific than previously thought -- so much so that the total number of stars in the universe is likely three times bigger than realized.
Because red dwarfs are relatively small and dim compared to stars like our Sun, astronomers hadn't been able to detect them in galaxies other than our own Milky Way and its nearest neighbors before now. As such, they did not know how much of the total stellar population of the universe is made up of red dwarfs.Now astronomers have used powerful instruments on the Keck Observatory in Hawaii to detect the faint signature of red dwarfs in eight massive, relatively nearby galaxies called elliptical galaxies, which are located between about 50 million and 300 million light years away. They discovered that the red dwarfs, which are only between 10 and 20 percent as massive as the Sun, were much more bountiful than expected."No one knew how many of these stars there were," said Pieter van Dokkum, a Yale University astronomer who led the research, which is described in Nature's Dec.1 Advanced Online Publication. "Different theoretical models predicted a wide range of possibilities, so this answers a longstanding question about just how abundant these stars are."The team discovered that there are about 20 times more red dwarfs in elliptical galaxies than in the Milky Way, said Charlie Conroy of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, who was also involved in the research."We usually assume other galaxies look like our own. But this suggests other conditions are possible in other galaxies," Conroy said. "So this discovery could have a major impact on our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution."For instance, Conroy said, galaxies might contain less dark matter -- a mysterious substance that has mass but cannot be directly observed -- than previous measurements of their masses might have indicated. Instead, the abundant red dwarfs could contribute more mass than realized.In addition to boosting the total number of stars in the universe, the discovery also increases the number of planets orbiting those stars, which in turn elevates the number of planets that might harbor life, van Dokkum said. In fact, a recently discovered exoplanet that astronomers believe could potentially support life orbits a red dwarf star, called Gliese 581."There are possibly trillions of Earths orbiting these stars," van Dokkum said, adding that the red dwarfs they discovered, which are typically more than 10 billion years old, have been around long enough for complex life to evolve. "It's one reason why people are interested in this type of star."

Blonde picture]

A tribe called quest / Scenario

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFZLq6R-ZtM&feature=related/

http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2011/pdf/2011-397.pdf

http://www.keezmovies.com/video/pornstar-wants-a-unknown-cock-492717

Brain's Ability to Selectively Focus, Pay Attention Diminishes With Age, Study Finds

(Nov. 3, 2010) — A University of Toronto study shows that visual attention -- the brain's ability to selectively filter unattended or unwanted information from reaching awareness -- diminishes with age, leaving older adults less capable of filtering out distracting or irrelevant information.
Further, this age-related "leaky" attentional filter fundamentally impacts the way visual information is encoded into memory. Older adults with impaired visual attention have better memory for "irrelevant" information. The research, conducted by members of U of T's Department of Psychology, will be published Nov. 3 in the Journal of Neuroscience.In the study, the research team examined brain images using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a group of young (mean age = 22 years) and older adults (mean age = 77 years) while they looked at pictures of overlapping faces and places (houses and buildings). Participants were asked to only pay attention to the faces and to identify the gender of the person. Even though they could see the place in the image, it was not relevant to the task at hand"In young adults, the brain region for processing faces was active while the brain region for processing places was not," says Taylor Schmitz, lead author of the research paper. "However, both the face and place regions were active in older people. This means that even at early stages of perception, older adults were less capable of filtering out the distracting information. Moreover, on a surprise memory test 10 minutes after the scan, older adults were more likely to recognize what face was originally paired with what house."The findings suggest that under attentionally-demanding conditions, such as looking for one's keys on a cluttered table, age-related problems with "tuning in" to the desired object may be linked to the way in which information is selected and processed in the sensory areas of the brain. Both the relevant sensory information -- the keys -- and the irrelevant information -- the clutter -- are perceived and encoded more or less equally. In older adults, these changes in visual attention may broadly influence many of the cognitive deficits typically observed in normal aging, particularly memory.The study was conducted by Eve De Rosa, Taylor Schmitz and Frederick H.T. Cheng, all of U of T's Department of Psychology. Data was collected in the Department of Psychology and at the Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest Hospital. The research was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Blonde picture]

Four move checkmate]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KC3hBvhDtTI&feature=related

Arrested development / Miracles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lceZYoaKZPo&feature=related/

Elton John / Your song

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTa8U0Wa0q8&feature=related/

Blonde picture]

Wet wet wet / Goodnight girl

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XB44DupTo0s&feature=related/

Marilyn Monroe picture]

Message to viewers.

2011-01-18T01:29:00.015Z

It has been terrific recording my journal and recently has been fantastic that newer scientific journals are producing some very very encouraging and important results from lab and feild.

As people who visit my journal often, you would have seen that the visitors to the journal page at it's www. address has significantly dwindled since wednesday 6 days ago probably because someone wanted to remove it from veiwing, obviously the adult pictures and videos contribute to the science and it is purely at visitors discretion if they themselves stay to learn more about the journal and it's type of science.

I do really want to clarify that the journal is probably the target of a chosen identity discrepency and my recent comments at a blog journal that is another industry journal would probably have contributed to some reactions that perhaps were calculated not for the sake of ''floating point element'' economics.

''It was september 14th since your previous hyperinflation report, recently on television I have seen that the two Gambino bosses have been assasinated, John Gotti has recently died, and Bonnano the godfather of Italian american mafiosa that reported directly to the German ss has recently died''.

http://covertress.blogspot.com/

My comment at the post 'HOW HYPERINFLATION WILL HAPPEN' [2 january 2011] started the sequence of a conversation that worries me seriously probably becuase the journal is ''coveted'' by perhaps more than 1400 veiwers daily, many of whom senior industry men.

Suckers.

2011-01-12T02:25:00.023Z

draughts and chess board picture]

This post is really a schedule planner, not really for specific purposes, but, it has been a while since I have sent message to starfleet.

Star trek emblem]

The Movement of Tree Sap Analyzed

(Jan. 4, 2011) — Scientists at Carlos III University of Madrid (UC3M) used a 3D modeling to analyze the mechanisms used to by trees to transport water in their interior. The objective: to discover the keys to the movement of sap in order to apply these advances to new hydraulic systems or to suction pumps.

The researchers decided to embark on this study in order to find out which mechanisms are used by plants when they extract water from very dry or somewhat inhospitable land. "In the case of mangrove swamps, for example, the plants are able to extract freshwater from a saltwater environment, despite the fact that the osmotic pressure should make quite the opposite happen," explains Professor José Luis Pérez Díaz, who studies this type of relatively unknown phenomenon as part of a new line of research that the Department of Mechanical Engineering at UC3M has begun.
The objective of the study is to learn what type of mechanism the plants use when extracting the water and transporting it from the roots to the leaves. To do this, the researchers have generated a model that represents the microscopic structure of the trunk of a European beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) in order to study the changes produced when the water moves through its interior; they have published some of the results of their research in a recent issue of the Journal of Biological Physics.
The three-dimensional model created by these UC3M scientists allows them to analyze the transpiration and absorption of the bark of the tree, as well as the pressure in the different types of conduits, such as the phloem or xylem, that transport fluids inside the trunk. The first is a vascular tissue that carries sugars and other synthesized nutrients from the organs that produce them to the organs where they are consumed and stored, in both upward and downward directions. Xylem, on the other hand, is different type of tissue that is adapted especially for conveying water upward for the length of the plant; its elements are arranged in longitudinal rows, through more or less continuous sections of conduits.
The main conclusion of this study is that the sap in the trunks of trees is in a pressurized situation. It demonstrates, then, that when the pressure is positive in the conduits of the xylem as well as in those of the phloem, the model expands in the radial direction. However, when the pressure is negative in the xylem and positive in the phloem, which is what is believed to occur during the day, the model contracts in the radial direction. "Our results are not absolutely conclusive yet, but they set us on a path to continue our study and to find out more about these processes," says Professor Pérez Díaz.
This line of research could have interesting applications for hydraulic systems or devices for water extraction, for example. "Currently -- the expert points out -- there is no water suction pump capable of raising water more than ten meters at normal atmospheric pressure, but a sequoia tree can raise water to a height of 100 meters, which I think means that anything we can learn from plants is going to be of great interest to people working in this field," he concludes.

water cycle picture]

http://www.pornhub.com/view_video.php?viewkey=720372271

Dr Hook / When your in love with a beautiful woman

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=neQ6OYpjWT4/

For some of us joining starfleet could possibly be for different reasons, I for one certainly know what a number one is, I know sir, we want it now...

picture of Jonathan Frakes ''it's a huge job sir...']

Star fleet admiralty emblem]

Dr Hook / Sexy eyes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJ3DWa_QLO4&feature=related/

New Hubble Photos Show Eerie Green Space Cloud

Date: 10 January 2011 Time: 03:46 PM ET

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope is helping to demystify one of the strangest objects in space — a huge, glowing, green blob of gas floating near a spiral galaxy.
Hubble has uncovered delicate filaments of gas and a pocket of young star clusters in the giant object, which is known as Hanny's Voorwerp ("Hanny's Object" in Dutch). Hubble's new photos provide the sharpest view yet of Hanny's Voorwerp, researchers said, and reveal a star-birthing region in the object.

"The star clusters are localized, confined to an area that is over a few thousand light-years wide," study leader William Keel, of the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, said in a statement. "The region may have been churning out stars for several million years. They are so dim that they have previously been lost in the brilliant light of the surrounding gas."
Keel presented his team's results today (Jan. 10) at the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Seattle.

Citizen science comes up big

The new Hubble discoveries are the latest finds in an ongoing probe of Hanny's Voorwerp, which is named for Hanny van Arkel. Van Arkel, a Dutch schoolteacher, discovered the ghostly structure in 2007 while participating in the online Galaxy Zoo project.

Galaxy Zoo enlists the public to help classify more than a million galaxies catalogued in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The project has expanded to include the Hubble Zoo, in which the public is asked to assess images of tens of thousands of galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope.

In the new study, researchers report that Hubble's cameras have uncovered star birth in a region of Hanny's Voorwerp that faces the spiral galaxy IC 2497, which is about 650 million light-years from Earth.

Radio observations had previously shown an outflow of gas from the galaxy's core. The new Hubble images reveal that the galaxy's gas is interacting with a small region of Hanny's Voorwerp, which is collapsing and forming stars. The youngest stars are a couple of million years old, researchers said.

An active galactic core

Recent X-ray observations had revealed why Hanny's Voorwerp caught the eye of astronomers in the first place. IC 2497's active core produced a quasar — a powerful beacon of light powered by a black hole — researchers said.

The quasar shot a broad beam of light in the direction of Hanny's Voorwerp, illuminating the gas cloud. Its bright green color comes from glowing oxygen, according to researchers.

"We just missed catching the quasar, because it turned off no more than 200,000 years ago, so what we're seeing is the afterglow from the quasar," Keel said. "This implies that it might flicker on and off, which is typical of quasars, but we've never seen such a dramatic change happen so rapidly."

The quasar's outburst also may have cast a shadow on Hanny's Voorwerp, giving the illusion of a gaping hole about 20,000 light-years wide in the object, researchers said. Hubble images reveal sharp edges around the apparent opening, suggesting that an object close to the quasar may have blocked some of the light.

A rough life for IC 2497

Other studies have revealed that Hanny's Voorwerp is not an island in space. Rather, it's part of a twisting rope of gas about 300,000 light-years long that wraps around the galaxy, researchers said.

The only optically visible part of the rope is Hanny's Voorwerp, which stretches from 44,000 light-years to 136,000 light-years from the galaxy's core.

The quasar, the outflow of gas that instigated the star birth and the long rope of gas point to a rough life for IC 2497, researchers said.

"The evidence suggests that IC 2497 may have merged with another galaxy about a billion years ago," Keel said. "The Hubble images show in exquisite detail that the spiral arms are twisted, so the galaxy hasn't completely settled down."

A recently dimmed quasar

In Keel's scenario, the galactic merger expelled the long streamer of gas from IC 2497 and funneled gas and stars into the center, which fed the black hole. The engorged black hole then powered the quasar, which launched two cones of light. One light beam illuminated part of the gas cloud, which is now called Hanny's Voorwerp.

About a million years ago, the researchers think, shock waves produced glowing gas near the galaxy's core and blasted it outward. The outburst may have triggered star formation in Hanny's Voorwerp. Then, less than 200,000 years ago, the quasar dropped in brightness by 100 times or more, leaving an ordinary-looking core.

New images of the galaxy's dusty core from Hubble show an expanding bubble of gas blown out of one side of the core, perhaps evidence of the sputtering quasar's final gasps. The expanding ring of gas is still too small for ground-based telescopes to detect, according to researchers.

"This quasar may have been active for a few million years, which perhaps indicates that quasars blink on and off on timescales of millions of years, not the 100 million years that theory had suggested," Keel said. He added that the quasar could light up again if more material is dumped into the black hole.

Starfleet emblem]

Starfleet emblem]

RELEASE : 11-007

Dr Hook / Sharing the night together

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdT9sPP4e3c&feature=related/

New Microscopy Tracks Molecules in Live Tissue at Video Rate; Scientists Push SRS Microscopy to New Levels of Spatial, Temporal Precision

(Dec. 2, 2010) — A novel type of biomedical imaging, made possible by new advances in microscopy from scientists at Harvard University, is so fast and sensitive it can capture "video" of blood cells squeezing through capillaries.

Researchers led by Harvard's Brian G. Saar, Christian W. Freudiger, and X. Sunney Xie describe the work in the journal Science.
The new technique, based on stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), makes a complementary partner to MRI, widely used to capture static images of organs, tumors, and other large structures. For the first time, SRS microscopy makes possible label-free chemical movies, with streaming footage at the subcellular level, catching video of proteins, lipids, and water within cells.
"When we started this project 11 years ago, we never imagined we'd have an amazing result like this," says Xie, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Harvard. "It took MRI more than 30 years to reach patients, but we're already looking forward with great anticipation to applications of SRS microscopy in hospitals. It's now clear that stimulated Raman scattering will play an important role in the future of biological imaging and medical diagnostics."
Xie says SRS microscopy could aid, and speed, surgery to remove tumors and other lesions. Surgeons must now send excised samples for histological analysis -- a process that takes about 20 minutes -- while a patient waits on the operating table. SRS microscopy provides equivalent insights through real-time scanning.
Xie's team has already used SRS microscopy to track migration of medications in skin, shedding new light on the absorption of topical drugs. In conjunction with endoscopy, the technique can also view three-dimensional sections of tissue, layer by layer.
"Previous SRS microscopy captured only about one image per minute, far too slow for use in live animals or humans," Xie says. "We were able to speed the collection of data by more than three orders of magnitude, attaining video-rate imaging."
Because SRS microscopy works by detecting the intrinsic vibrations in chemical bonds between atoms, it doesn't require intrusive fluorescent labeling. An optical technique, it compliments MRI, whose depth of penetration is better suited to imaging organs and other large objects deep within the body.
The current work greatly improves detection of signals -- backscattered by tissues in the body -- by rearranging photodetectors to surround a small aperture through which a beam of light is directed at the tissue being examined. Using this approach, the scientists were able to collect and analyze almost 30 percent of the laser light directed at a biological sample, a more than 30-fold increase over previous SRS microscopy.
Scientists currently use a variety of techniques to view biomolecules, but most have significant limitations that are sidestepped by SRS microscopy. Labeling with green fluorescent protein (GFP) provides sharp images, but the bulky protein can perturb delicate biological pathways, overwhelming smaller biomolecules. Conventional infrared (IR) microscopy has low spatial resolution and requires desiccated samples, while spontaneous Raman microscopy requires high laser power and long integration times, limiting use in live specimens. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy, pioneered by Xie's own group, lacks the contrast to image most molecules beyond lipids.
Saar, Freudiger, and Xie's co-authors are Gary R. Holtom of Harvard's Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Jay Reichman and C. Michael Stanley of Chroma Technology in Bellows Falls, Vt. Their work was funded by Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health.

Dr Hook / Years from now

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfsPeVVL8zE&feature=related/

Starfleet planetary science emblem]

NASA's Kepler Mission Discovers Its First Rocky Planet

WASHINGTON -- NASA's Kepler mission confirmed the discovery of its first rocky planet, named Kepler-10b. Measuring 1.4 times the size of Earth, it is the smallest planet ever discovered outside our solar system.

The discovery of this so-called exoplanet is based on more than eight months of data collected by the spacecraft from May 2009 to early January 2010.

"All of Kepler's best capabilities have converged to yield the first solid evidence of a rocky planet orbiting a star other than our sun," said Natalie Batalha, Kepler's deputy science team lead at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif., and primary author of a paper on the discovery accepted by the Astrophysical Journal. "The Kepler team made a commitment in 2010 about finding the telltale signatures of small planets in the data, and it's beginning to pay off."

Kepler's ultra-precise photometer measures the tiny decrease in a star's brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The size of the planet can be derived from these periodic dips in brightness. The distance between the planet and the star is calculated by measuring the time between successive dips as the planet orbits the star.

Kepler is the first NASA mission capable of finding Earth-size planets in or near the habitable zone, the region in a planetary system where liquid water can exist on the planet's surface. However, since it orbits once every 0.84 days, Kepler-10b is more than 20 times closer to its star than Mercury is to our sun and not in the habitable zone.

Kepler-10 was the first star identified that could potentially harbor a small transiting planet, placing it at the top of the list for ground-based observations with the W.M. Keck Observatory 10-meter telescope in Hawaii.

Scientists waiting for a signal to confirm Kepler-10b as a planet were not disappointed. Keck was able to measure tiny changes in the star's spectrum, called Doppler shifts, caused by the telltale tug exerted by the orbiting planet on the star.

"The discovery of Kepler 10-b is a significant milestone in the search for planets similar to our own," said Douglas Hudgins, Kepler program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "Although this planet is not in the habitable zone, the exciting find showcases the kinds of discoveries made possible by the mission and the promise of many more to come," he said.

Knowledge of the planet is only as good as the knowledge of the star it orbits. Because Kepler-10 is one of the brighter stars being targeted by Kepler, scientists were able to detect high frequency variations in the star's brightness generated by stellar oscillations, or starquakes. This analysis allowed scientists to pin down Kepler-10b's properties.

There is a clear signal in the data arising from light waves that travel within the interior of the star. Kepler Asteroseismic Science Consortium scientists use the information to better understand the star, just as earthquakes are used to learn about Earth's interior structure. As a result of this analysis, Kepler-10 is one of the most well characterized planet-hosting stars in the universe.

That's good news for the team studying Kepler-10b. Accurate stellar properties yield accurate planet properties. In the case of Kepler-10b, the picture that emerges is of a rocky planet with a mass 4.6 times that of Earth and with an average density of 8.8 grams per cubic centimeter -- similar to that of an iron dumbbell.

Ames manages Kepler's ground system development, mission operations and science data analysis. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., managed Kepler mission development.

Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp. in Boulder, Colo., developed the Kepler flight system and supports mission operations with the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado in Boulder. The Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore archives, hosts and distributes the Kepler science data.

Kepler is NASA's 10th Discovery Mission and is funded by NASA's Science Mission Directorate at the agency's headquarters. For more information about the Kepler mission, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/kepler

It's terrific learning that the possibilities for building cities on other planets and terraforming [stimulating an atmospheric condition] planets is a near occurance, obviously the technicalities of travelling into deep space with protection from space plasma [the possibilities of radiation] still pose an evolutionary issue to be grappled with, but, certainly space vehicles exist that would be capable of doing the job utilising the method of travel we have available which is combustion propulsion, generally some sort of explosive reactive fuel. I personally believe magnetism beaming via teleportation to be the next sensible and sustainable way of long space travelling particularly because of the need to not refuel with basic liquid applications.

Dr Hook / Sleeping late

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EN-PkXCiI6o&feature=related/

vegan picture]

dinosaur haunts wizards picture]

dinosaur picture]

water picture]

hydrologic picture]

Water picture]

http://www.jizzhut.com/videos/kisha-and-her-pussy-juice-2191261.html

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refractive index measurement picture]

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United federation broadcasting]

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http://www.jizzhut.com/videos/kagney-linn-karter-211194.html

Dr Hook / I don't wanna be alone

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOgzyJALD6M&feature=related/

NASA Launches Innovative Approach to Solve Old Challenges

12.03.10

NASA field centers participated in a pilot program recently called NASA@Work to facilitate internal problem solving and communication across the agency. The goal of NASA@Work is to leverage the breadth and depth of NASA technical expertise by offering solutions to challenges that exist in currently funded NASA projects. InnoCentive Co., hosted the pilot program in coordination with NASA Johnson Space Station and the HQs Office of the Chief Technologist's Partnerships, Innovation and Commercial Space Program. Jan Aikins served as the "Center Champion" for NASA Ames Research Center and coordinated NASA Ames' participation in this pilot program with the Center Chief Technologist’s Office led by John Hines.

All field centers followed a process established by InnoCentive to develop, refine, and select challenges. An award system also was implemented to recognize contributors. NASA Ames submitted five challenges for consideration. Three of the challenges were selected for further development during the InnoCentive@Work In-person Training and Challenge Workshop held at NASA Johnson. Finalized challenges from all field centers were posted on the InnoCentive website, https://nasa.innocentive.com/. Over the course of several weeks, participants from around the agency submitted potential solutions to the posted challenges. A summary of each of the three selected NASA Ames challenges and a sampling of their respective solutions are listed below.

Challenge 1 Overview: "NASA InternSpace"
NASA Ames is considering developing a customized social networking and new media communications platform for use by NASA interns, mentors, and managers. Suggestions are being sought for what functionality such a site should have in order to make it applicable to all of NASA following its trial period at NASA Ames.

Potential solutions include:

Interactive field center and other location maps
Internship Work Plans and evaluation tools
Internal Instant Messaging
Posting of research and other work opportunities
Challenge 2 Overview: "Low Impact Robotic Sensor Platform for Land Survey"
Many regions of scientific interest are physically/biologically fragile. Because of their fragility, systematic human surveys can damage or destroy the scientific value of such sites. Good results have been obtained using small rovers, but they have limitations, e.g elevating instruments on booms allows sensing over/around obstacles, but leaves the rover unstable in rough terrain and aggravates instrument vibration, motion, and uncertainty in position/orientation. This challenge is seeking brainstorms and "eureka moments" for alternative sensor platforms.

Potential solutions include:

Use of a remote controlled helicopter as a platform
Development of a low-altitude mini-dirigible (lighter-than-air) platform
Active boom/instrument stabilization to reduce motion and vibration
Additional passive stabilization (gel pads, shock absorbers, etc.)
Challenge 3 Overview: "Measuring Gas Concentrations in Microliter Samples"
Micro-fluidic and well-plate technologies are commonly utilized for bioassays, combinatorial chemistry, and cell culture experiments. However, valuable research in space science and biotechnology cannot be accomplished using these technologies without significant improvements in the ability to measure gasses in these system formats. Suggestions are being sought for a new small device www.innocentive.com/

starfleet research emblem]

Dr Hook / A little bit more

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkEpkUhYT_g/

Super-Earth Has an Atmosphere, but Is It Steamy or Gassy?

(Dec. 1, 2010) — In December 2009, astronomers announced the discovery of a super-Earth known as GJ 1214b. At the time, they reported signs that the newfound world likely had a thick, gaseous atmosphere. Now, a team led by Jacob Bean (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) has made the first measurements of GJ 1214b's atmosphere. However, the measurements raise as many questions about the planet's atmospheric composition as they answer.

"This is the first super-Earth known to have an atmosphere," said Bean. "But even with these new measurements we can't say yet what that atmosphere is made of. This world is being very shy and veiling its true nature from us."

A super-Earth is a planet up to three times the size of Earth and weighing one to ten times as much. (GJ 1214b is 2.7 times the size of Earth and 6.5 times as massive.) They are likely to be mostly solid (some combination of rock or ices), unlike the hundreds of Jupiter-sized gas giants found to date around distant stars.

Researchers suggested three atmospheric possibilities for GJ 1214b. The most intriguing was a thick blanket of steam vaporized by the nearby star. (This option led to the nickname "waterworld," although it's too hot for an ocean.) The second option was a mini-Neptune with a rocky core surrounded by ices and a hydrogen/helium atmosphere. The third model has no equivalent in our solar system -- a big, rocky world with a soupy mix of gases (mainly hydrogen) recently emitted by volcanoes.

To study the planet's atmosphere, the team observed it when it crossed in front of its star. During such transits, the star's light filters through the atmosphere. Gases absorb the starlight at particular wavelengths, or colors, leaving behind a chemical fingerprint detectable from Earth. Similar observations have found gases like hydrogen and sodium vapor in the atmospheres of distant "hot Jupiters."

"This is the first super-Earth to have its atmosphere analyzed. We've reached a real milestone on the road toward characterizing these worlds," stated Bean.

Commenting on the work, Harvard astronomer David Charbonneau, who is not involved in the recent study but led the team that discovered GJ 1214b, agreed. "In less than 10 years, we've gone from studying the atmospheres of alien worlds like Jupiter, to Neptunes, to super-Earths. Earth-sized worlds are next, although they'll be the most difficult."

The spectrum of GJ 1214b proved to be featureless, which ruled out a cloud-free atmosphere composed primarily of hydrogen. If the atmosphere of GJ 1214b has abundant hydrogen, then it must be cloaked by a thick blanket of clouds (like Venus) or haze (like Saturn's moon Titan). A dense, steamy atmosphere also fits the data.

"It would have to be very dense -- about one-fifth water vapor by volume," explained Bean. "Compared to our Earth, with an atmosphere that's four-fifths nitrogen and one-fifth oxygen with only a touch of water vapor."

The team examined GJ 1214b in the near-infrared region of the spectrum (780 -- 1000 nanometers) using the ground-based Very Large Telescope at Paranal Observatory in Chile. Additional observations in the mid- or far-infrared might finally answer the question: Is the atmosphere of GJ 1214b steamy or gassy?

"A lot of people are putting this planet under a microscope," said Bean. "In the next year, we should have some solid answers about what it's truly like."

A paper reporting these results will appear in the Dec. 2nd issue of the journal Nature. Bean's co-authors are Eliza Miller-Ricci Kempton (University of California, Santa Cruz) and Derek Homeier (Institute for Astrophysics, Gottingen).

Dr Hook / Sylvia's mother said

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPrixYOTNHw/

YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!!!!

Lol...

Babies Process Language in a Grown-Up Way

(Jan. 9, 2011) — Babies, even those too young to talk, can understand many of the words that adults are saying -- and their brains process them in a grown-up way.
Combining the cutting-edge technologies of MRI and MEG, scientists at the University of California, San Diego show that babies just over a year old process words they hear with the same brain structures as adults, and in the same amount of time. Moreover, the researchers found that babies were not merely processing the words as sounds, but were capable of grasping their meaning.
This study was jointly led by Eric Halgren, PhD, professor of radiology in the School of Medicine, Jeff Elman, PhD, professor of cognitive science in the Division of Social Sciences, and first author, Katherine E. Travis, of the Department of Neurosciences and the Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, all at UC San Diego. The work is published this week in the Oxford University Press journal Cerebral Cortex.
"Babies are using the same brain mechanisms as adults to access the meaning of words from what is thought to be a mental 'database' of meanings, a database which is continually being updated right into adulthood," said Travis.
Previously, many people thought infants might use an entirely different mechanism for learning words, and that learning began primitively and evolved into the process used by adults. Determining the areas of the brain responsible for learning language, however, has been hampered by a lack of evidence showing where language is processed in the developing brain.
While lesions in two areas called Broca's and Wernicke's (frontotemporal) areas have long been known to be associated with loss of language skills in adults, such lesions in early childhood have little impact on language development. To explain this discordance, some have proposed that the right hemisphere and inferior frontal regions are initially critical for language, and that classical language areas of adulthood become dominant only with increasing linguistic experience. Alternatively, other theories have suggested that the plasticity of an infant's brain allows other regions to take over language-learning tasks if left frontotemporal regions are damaged at an early age.
In addition to studying effects of brain deficits, language systems can be determined by identifying activation of different cortical areas in response to stimuli. In order to determine if infants use the same functional networks as adults to process word meaning, the researchers used MEG -- an imaging process that measures tiny magnetic fields emitted by neurons in the brain -- and MRI to noninvasively estimate brain activity in 12 to 18-month old infants.
In the first experiment, the infants listened to words accompanied by sounds with similar acoustic properties, but no meaning, in order to determine if they were capable of distinguishing between the two. In the second phase, the researchers tested whether the babies were capable of understanding the meaning of these words. For this experiment, babies saw pictures of familiar objects and then heard words that were either matched or mismatched to the name of the object: a picture of a ball followed by the spoken word ball, versus a picture of a ball followed by the spoken word dog.
Brain activity indicated that the infants were capable of detecting the mismatch between a word and a picture, as shown by the amplitude of brain activity. The "mismatched," or incongruous, words evoked a characteristic brain response located in the same left frontotemporal areas known to process word meaning in the adult brain. The tests were repeated in adults to confirm that the same incongruous picture/word combinations presented to babies would evoke larger responses in left frontotemporal areas.
"Our study shows that the neural machinery used by adults to understand words is already functional when words are first being learned," said Halgren, "This basic process seems to embody the process whereby words are understood, as well as the context for learning new words." The researchers say their results have implications for future studies, for example development of diagnostic tests based on brain imaging which could indicate whether a baby has healthy word understanding even before speaking, enabling early screening for language disabilities or autism.
Additional contributors include Matthew K. Leonard, Timothy T. Brown, Donald J. Hagler, Jr., Megan Curran, and Anders M. Dale, all of UC San Diego School of Medicine.
The research was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health.

United Federaton of planets emblem]

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Respects to an artisan craftsman of music.

2011-01-10T00:23:00.015Z

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'Baker Street' singer Gerry Rafferty dies

January 5, 2011

Scottish singer-songwriter Gerry Rafferty, whose 1970s hits include "Baker Street" and "Stuck in the Middle With You," has died at age 63, his agent said on Tuesday.
Photograph by: WENN, WENN
LONDON (Reuters Life!) - Scottish singer-songwriter Gerry Rafferty, whose 1970s hits include "Baker Street" and "Stuck in the Middle With You," has died at age 63, his agent said on Tuesday.
"I can confirm that Gerry very sadly passed away," Paul Charles said in an email, giving no further details.
British media reported that Rafferty died peacefully at home with his daughter Martha by his side. He had battled a drinking problem and spent time in hospital at Bournemouth in the south of England, with liver failure, the BBC reported.
Rafferty was born in Paisley, Scotland, and played in several bands before forming the folk rock outfit Stealers Wheel in 1972.
The group's eponymous debut album featured "Stuck in the Middle With You," a hit single that enjoyed a new lease of life when it was used in Quentin Tarantino's movie Reservoir Dogs.
Stealers Wheel broke up in 1975, but three years later Rafferty released the solo album City to City which produced the song "Baker Street" and sold millions of copies worldwide.
In October, "Baker Street," which includes the famous saxophone solo, was recognized by the royalty collection organization BMI for more than five million plays globally.
"Stuck in the Middle With You" has been aired more than four million times.

Yes Gerry, the sound and work of a planesman is unmistakable, hopefully you could help my people, they themselves have just listened to your song of Baker street, only 8's know how painful it is to carry that many people across time, I was born in St mary's paddington... Lol...

Yes, I'm their...

See you there soon friend [perhaps...hey, I'm working on this genome thing...]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Kcp4EfOcyU&feature=fvst

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2j7uAimpx3k

And the obvious ''our song''...

Stealers wheel / Stuck in the middle with you

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DohRa9lsx0Q/

I owned a recording studio in Marble Arch and one in Montague square, next door to Jimmy Hendrix and next door to Mozart...

See you around Pleaidey...

Sing a song a six pence.

2011-01-06T01:10:00.052Z

bird and pie picture]

This posting is the first chance I have had to write some science and research for a while, most people were really busy in December and hopefully they were ok with the short posts I could scramble together while at work. I'm going back out to work again soon, so, hopefully I can get some good science done while at the office. Building my company profile for astroarchitecture isn't easy, particularly if it's going to be known I'm the best in the business and people have faith in my abilty to perform at the highest levels and lead teams of reletively standard trained operatives into an unknown field. I've got some photographs of me recently [this previous monday] for reference, as we all know that the weather really changes people appearance when they have been out into the feild, but, I show my ability to resume my usual appearance, but, obviously my new appearance is an indication of my Recent Noah's ark exploits.

me and noah picture]

I have just drank a couple of litres of cider so my eyes are a bit glazed, it's the first alchohol I have had for more than a year!!!

me drank some cider]

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Big country

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bw2o_Go4QWI

Sing a song of sixpence lyrics

(Four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie)
Sing a song of sixpence a pocket full of rye,
Four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie.
When the pie was opened the birds began to sing,
Oh wasn't that a dainty dish to set before the king?
The king was in his counting house counting out his money,
The queen was in the parlour eating bread and honey
The maid was in the garden hanging out the clothes,
When down came a blackbird and pecked off her nose!

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MdDQqr5y1Ok

Russia and India sign agreement giving India access to GLONASS

Dec 23, 2010 02:35 pm

India and Russia on Tuesday signed an agreement to share high-precision signals from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) for defence as well as civilian use. The agreement was signed on the sidelines of the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev's Indian visit.
As per the agreement, Russia will provide access to the GLONASS high-precision navigation signals to India. Russia currently has a total of 26 GLONASS satellites in orbit, of which 23 are operational. GLONASS is the Russian equivalent of the United States' global positioning system that allows users to determine a near precise position of any object to within metres.
Notably, in March this year, the Russian Federal Space Agency Roscosmos, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Russian Navigation Information Systems (NIS) GLONASS signed a 'Memorandum of Cooperation'. Later, representatives from NIS-GLONASS and ISRO's commercial arm, Antrix Corporation, agreed to set up a joint venture providing navigation and information services on the GLONASS/GPS platform.

my dictionaries picture]

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It is terrific that countries acknowledge the neccessities for the spread of good will and trust among modern intelligence infrastructure building, it is vital that the public community has the knoweldge that we vote for governments that correctly employ counter distrust measures and that they are regularly seen to be administering for the virtue of community unity. Obviously for many of us countless laws loiter in offices and on desks waiting to be signed, considered and solicited, working with government officials that do everything possible to show that procedure is as it should be shouldn't be a relief, it should be standard, but, many of us who have billions of pounds stuck in ancient cob webs welcome newer members to the political community with honest and genuine hope for our future.

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http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/2010-29920.pdf

my research office room]

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Your Genome in Minutes: New Technology Could Slash Sequencing Time

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Me...]

(Dec. 31, 2010) - Scientists from Imperial College London are developing technology that could ultimately sequence a person's genome in mere minutes, at a fraction of the cost of current commercial techniques.

The researchers have patented an early prototype technology that they believe could lead to an ultrafast commercial DNA sequencing tool within ten years. Their work is described in a study published this month in the journal Nano Letters.
The research suggests that scientists could eventually sequence an entire genome in a single lab procedure, whereas at present it can only be sequenced after being broken into pieces in a highly complex and time-consuming process. Fast and inexpensive genome sequencing could allow ordinary people to unlock the secrets of their own DNA, revealing their personal susceptibility to diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes and cancer. Medical professionals are already using genome sequencing to understand population-wide health issues and research ways to tailor individualised treatments or preventions.
Dr Joshua Edel, one of the authors on the study from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial College London, said: "Compared with current technology, this device could lead to much cheaper sequencing: just a few dollars, compared with $1m to sequence an entire genome in 2007. We haven't tried it on a whole genome yet but our initial experiments suggest that you could theoretically do a complete scan of the 3,165 million bases in the human genome within minutes, providing huge benefits for medical tests, or DNA profiles for police and security work. It should be significantly faster and more reliable, and would be easy to scale up to create a device with the capacity to read up to 10 million bases per second, versus the typical 10 bases per second you get with the present day single molecule real-time techniques."
In the new study, the researchers demonstrated that it is possible to propel a DNA strand at high speed through a tiny 50 nanometre (nm) hole -- or nanopore -- cut in a silicon chip, using an electrical charge. As the strand emerges from the back of the chip, its coding sequence (bases A, C, T or G) is read by a 'tunnelling electrode junction'. This 2 nm gap between two wires supports an electrical current that interacts with the distinct electrical signal from each base code. A powerful computer can then interpret the base code's signal to construct the genome sequence, making it possible to combine all these well-documented techniques for the first time.
Sequencing using nanopores has long been considered the next big development for DNA technology, thanks to its potential for high speed and high-capacity sequencing. However, designs for an accurate and fast reader have not been demonstrated until now.
Co-author Dr Emanuele Instuli, from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial College London, explained the challenges they faced in this research: "Getting the DNA strand through the nanopore is a bit like sucking up spaghetti. Until now it has been difficult to precisely align the junction and the nanopore. Furthermore, engineering the electrode wires with such dimensions approaches the atomic scale and is effectively at the limit of existing instrumentation. However in this experiment we were able to make two tiny platinum wires into an electrode junction with a gap sufficiently small to allow the electron current to flow between them."
This technology would have several distinct advantages over current techniques, according to co-author, Aleksandar Ivanov from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial College London: "Nanopore sequencing would be a fast, simple procedure, unlike available commercial methods, which require time-consuming and destructive chemical processes to break down and replicate small sections of the DNA molecules to determine their sequence. Additionally, these silicon chips are incredibly durable compared with some of the more delicate materials currently used. They can be handled, washed and reused many times over without degrading their performance."
Dr Tim Albrecht, another author on the study, from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial College London, says: "The next step will be to differentiate between different DNA samples and, ultimately, between individual bases within the DNA strand (ie true sequencing). I think we know the way forward, but it is a challenging project and we have to make many more incremental steps before our vision can be realised."
This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust Translational Award and the Corrigan Foundation.

Jamexican food picture]

Jamexicans obviously have been around north America a lot longer than American europeans, I imagine that the approach to thermo biology in the region of aries pleaides would really suit the Jamexican blend of peoples, of course, the arawak indians being settlers among the same region of the antillian islands and the mainland of north and south america would be indications of medium nuclaic properties, it would be terrific to work with the new space agency people that will obviously become members of the space business from Mexico, for Jamaica to work with the mexican space agency on thermo neuclear dynamics of space vehicles it would be terrifically exciting to learn more about the cutta condition of those regions of air space, hopefully they do not follow suit with those recent dreadful laws of drone flying airspace that the north american government has decided on using.

Sean Paul is himself a Jamexican...

Sean Paul / Temperature...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QztjnnaFsyU&feature=related/

US astronaut promotes Mexican space agency

Mexico City (AFP) Sept 12, 2008

A US astronaut of Mexican origin, part of the crew for an Atlantis Space Shuttle voyage in July 2009, presented a project for a Mexican space agency to senators here Friday.
Astronaut Jose Hernandez promoted the plan, including a launch base in the Yucatan Peninsula on the Atlantic Coast, approved by the lower house in 2007 and due to be voted on by the senate before the end of the month. If approved, the agency will begin operations in March next year. "The idea is to copy what has been done in the 43 countries with space bases, modelled on NASA, but on a much smaller scale," Fernando de la Pena, one of the researchers behind the project, said on television Friday. The Mexican space agency will be known as AEXA and include an underwater base. Hernandez, whose family emigrated to the United States to work in agriculture, qualified as an engineer before joining the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.

mexican space ageny emblem]

Do Our Bodies' Bacteria Play Matchmaker?

(Dec. 3, 2010) - Could the bacteria that we carry in our bodies decide who we marry? According to a new study from Tel Aviv University, the answer lies in the gut of a small fruit fly.

Prof. Eugene Rosenberg, Prof. Daniel Segel and doctoral student Gil Sharon of Tel Aviv University's Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology recently demonstrated that the symbiotic bacteria inside a fruit fly greatly influence its choice of mates.
The research was done in cooperation with Prof. John Ringo of the University of Maine, and was recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Love, marriage and fruit flies
Based on a theory developed by Prof. Rosenberg and Dr. Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg, the scientists propose that the basic unit of natural selection is not the individual living organism, plant or animal, but rather a larger biological milieu called a holobiont. This milieu can include plant or animal life as well as their symbiotic partners. In the case of animals, these partners tend to be microorganisms like intestinal bacteria.
"Up to now, it was assumed that the host organism undergoes evolution on its own, while its symbiotic bacteria undergo their own evolution," Prof. Rosenberg says. "The mechanism that we discovered enables evolution to occur more rapidly in response to environmental changes. Since a generation is shorter for bacteria than for multicellular organisms, they genetically adjust more quickly to changes in the holobiont," says Prof. Rosenberg.
Conducting their experiments on the rapidly-reproducing fruit fly, the scientists were able to test this new theory. The first experiment repeated a study carried out two decades ago by a Yale University researcher, in which a fly population was divided in half and fed different diets -- malt sugar versus starch. A year later, when the flies were re-integrated as one group, those who had been fed starch preferred starch-fed mates, while the sugar-fed flies preferred mates of a similar nutritional background. The repeat experiment carried out by the Tel Aviv University researchers shows that this dietary influence takes effect within just a generation or two rather than over an entire year.
In their second experiment, the Tel Aviv University team repeated the first, but with the addition of an antibiotic, which killed the bacteria and eliminated the specific mate preference. The mating process became random, with no dietary influence.
In subsequent experiments, the researchers successfully isolated the bacterial species responsible for reproductive isolation in flies with diet-related mating preferences, and found the bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum to be present in greater numbers in starch-fed fruit flies than in sugar-fed flies. When L. plantarum was reintroduced into the antibiotic-treated flies, the preferential mating behavior resumed -- proving that this bacterial species is at least partly responsible for the mating preference.
Rewriting Darwin?
Finally, in cooperation with Prof. Avraham Hefetz of Tel Aviv University's Department of Zoology, the team analyzed the sexual pheromones produced by the fruit flies. There turned out to be differences in pheromone levels between the two groups of flies -- differences that again disappeared after administering antibiotics.
"The finding indicates that pheromone alterations are a mechanism by which we can identify mating preferences. We therefore hypothesize that it is the bacteria that are driving this change," Prof. Rosenberg says. He adds that these discoveries have implications for our entire understanding of natural selection -- something which may even lead to the development of a new theory of evolution.

picture of me]

Picture of me showing light differencials {and needs a shave}]

picture of me more like my usual self but still looking groggy and dishevelled from anti biotics and the flesh wound in my leg]

MORAFE-Lekwalo to metswako

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5qcqDu2A_4/

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Pulsating Star Mystery Solved in Rare Alignment of Cepheid Variable and Another Star

(Nov. 26, 2010) - By discovering the first double star where a pulsating Cepheid variable and another star pass in front of one another, an international team of astronomers has solved a decades-old mystery. The rare alignment of the orbits of the two stars in the double star system has allowed a measurement of the Cepheid mass with unprecedented accuracy. The new result shows that the prediction from stellar pulsation theory is spot on, while the prediction from stellar evolution theory is at odds with the new observations.

The new results, from a team led by Grzegorz Pietrzyński (Universidad de Concepción, Chile, Obserwatorium Astronomiczne Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Poland), appear in the Nov. 25, 2010 edition of the journal Nature.
Grzegorz Pietrzyński introduces this remarkable result: "By using the HARPS instrument on the 3.6-metre telescope at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Chile, along with other telescopes, we have measured the mass of a Cepheid with an accuracy far greater than any earlier estimates. This new result allows us to immediately see which of the two competing theories predicting the masses of Cepheids is correct."
Classical Cepheid Variables, usually called just Cepheids, are unstable stars that are larger and much brighter than the Sun [1]. They expand and contract in a regular way, taking anything from a few days to months to complete the cycle. The time taken to brighten and grow fainter again is longer for stars that are more luminous and shorter for the dimmer ones. This remarkably precise relationship makes the study of Cepheids one of the most effective ways to measure the distances to nearby galaxies and from there to map out the scale of the whole Universe [2].
Unfortunately, despite their importance, Cepheids are not fully understood. Predictions of their masses derived from the theory of pulsating stars are 20% less than predictions from the theory of the evolution of stars. This embarrassing discrepancy has been known since the 1960s.
To resolve this mystery, astronomers needed to find a double star containing a Cepheid where the orbit happened to be seen edge-on from Earth. In these cases, known as eclipsing binaries, the brightness of the two stars dims as one component passes in front of the other, and again when it passes behind the other star. In such pairs astronomers can determine the masses of the stars to high accuracy [3]. Unfortunately neither Cepheids nor eclipsing binaries are common, so the chance of finding such an unusual pair seemed very low. None are known in the Milky Way.
Wolfgang Gieren, another member of the team, takes up the story: "Very recently we actually found the double star system we had hoped for among the stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud. It contains a Cepheid variable star pulsating every 3.8 days. The other star is slightly bigger and cooler, and the two stars orbit each other in 310 days. The true binary nature of the object was immediately confirmed when we observed it with the HARPS spectrograph on La Silla."
The observers carefully measured the brightness variations of this rare object, known as OGLE-LMC-CEP0227 [4], as the two stars orbited and passed in front of one another. They also used HARPS and other spectrographs to measure the motions of the stars towards and away from the Earth -- both the orbital motion of both stars and the in-and-out motion of the surface of the Cepheid as it swelled and contracted.
This very complete and detailed data allowed the observers to determine the orbital motion, sizes and masses of the two stars with very high accuracy -- far surpassing what had been done before for a Cepheid. The mass of the Cepheid is now known to about 1% and agrees exactly with predictions from the theory of stellar pulsation. However, the larger mass predicted by stellar evolution theory was shown to be significantly in error.
The much-improved mass estimate is only one outcome of this work, and the team hopes to find other examples of these remarkably useful pairs of stars to exploit the method further. They also believe that from such binary systems they will eventually be able to pin down the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud to 1%, which would mean an extremely important improvement of the cosmic distance scale.
Notes

[1] The first Cepheid variables were spotted in the 18th century and the brightest ones can easily be seen to vary from night to night with the unaided eye. They take their name from the star Delta Cephei in the constellation of Cepheus (the King), which was first seen to vary by John Goodricke in England in 1784. Remarkably, Goodricke was also the first to explain the light variations of another kind of variable star, eclipsing binaries. In this case two stars are in orbit around each other and pass in front of each other for part of their orbits and so the total brightness of the pair drops. The very rare object studied by the current team is both a Cepheid and an eclipsing binary. Classical Cepheids are massive stars, distinct from similar pulsating stars of lower mass that do not share the same evolutionary history.
[2] The period luminosity relation for Cepheids, discovered by Henrietta Leavitt in 1908, was used by Edwin Hubble to make the first estimates of the distance to what we now know to be galaxies. More recently Cepheids have been observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and with the ESO VLT on Paranal to make highly accurate distance estimates to many nearby galaxies.
[3] In particular, astronomers can determine the masses of the stars to high accuracy if both stars happen to have a similar brightness and therefore the spectral lines belonging to each of the two stars can be seen in the observed spectrum of the two stars together, as is the case for this object. This allows the accurate measurement of the motions of both stars towards and away from Earth as they orbit, using the Doppler effect.
[4] The name OGLE-LMC-CEP0227 arises because the star was first discovered to be a variable during the OGLE search for gravitational microlensing. More details about OGLE are available at: http://ogle.astrouw.edu.pl/.

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As people who believe that we are formed from stars, stars from us, the human body produces more than 1 ton of flaking skin per year it would be true to say that NASA's primary search for amino acids from the production of methane, of planetoids would be an agreeable space programme to build and base monetary decision policies on, yes, people do want to search for our origins, they want to search for life that could possibly exist that we could ackknowledge with these 3' dimensional goggles that we wear. But, what is the difference between skin from a mans forskin penis and skin from a the inside of a mans mouth?

Do 'Traffic Lights' in the Brain Direct Our Actions? Delayed Inhibition Between Neurons Identified as Possible Basis for Decision Making

(Nov. 26, 2010) - In every waking minute, we have to make decisions -- sometimes within a split second. Neuroscientists at the Bernstein Center Freiburg have now discovered a possible explanation how the brain chooses between alternative options. The key lies in extremely fast changes in the communication between single nerve cells.

The traffic light changes from green to orange -- should I push down the accelerator a little bit further or rather hit the brakes? Our daily lives present a long series of decisions we have to make, and sometimes we only have a split second at our disposal. Often the problem of decision-making entails the selection of one set of brain processes over multiple others seeking access to same resources. Several mechanisms have been suggested how the brain might solve this problem. However, up to now, it is a mystery what exactly happens when during a rapid choice between two options.
In the current issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, Jens Kremkow, Arvind Kumar, and Ad Aertsen from the Bernstein Center Freiburg propose a mechanism how the brain can choose between possible actions -- already at the level of single nerve cells.
As the structure and activity of the brain are just too complex to answer this question through a simple biological experiment, the scientists constructed a network of neurons in the computer. An important aspect of the model in this context is the property of nerve cells to influence the activity of other nerve cells, either in an excitatory or inhibitory manner. In the constructed network, two groups of neurons acted as the senders of two different signals. Further downstream in the network, another group of neurons, the "gate" neurons, were to control which of the signals would be transmitted onward.
As the cells within the network were connected both with exciting and inhibiting neurons, the signals reached the gate as excitatory and, after a short delay, inhibitory activity. In their simulations, the scientists found that the key for the gate neurons' "decision" in favour of one signal over the other was the time delay of the inhibitory signal relative to the excitatory signal. If the delay was set to be very small, the activity of the cells in the gate was quenched too quickly for the signal to be propagated.
Conversely, a larger delay caused the gate to open for the signal. Results from neurophysiological experiments have already shown that a change in delay properties is possible in real neurons. These findings therefore support the hypothesis of Kremkow and colleagues that such temporal gating can form the basis for selecting one of several alternative options in our brain.

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In the chain of command, it is vital to have equilibrium of rank.

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Jump Rope Aerodynamics

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(Nov. 22, 2010) - Jump ropes are used by kids for fun and by athletes for training. But what about the underlying physics? How do jump ropes work? Can important engineering principles be studied?

Jeff Aristoff and Howard Stone of Princeton University have built themselves a robotic jump rope device that controls all the rope parameters -- rope rotation rate, rope density, diameter, length, and the distance between "hands." They capture the motion of the ropes by high-speed cameras, one to the side and one at the end. Then they compare the observed behavior with predictions made by their equations -- work they presented November 21 at the American Physical Society Division of Fluid Dynamics (DFD) meeting in Long Beach, CA.
"Our main discovery is how the air-induced drag affects the shape of the rope and the work necessary to rotate it," says Princeton researcher Jeff Aristoff. "Aerodynamic forces cause the rope to bend in such a way that the total drag is reduced." (Leaves do this too when they bend out of the wind.) This deflection or twisting is most important in the middle of the rope and the least at the ends. If the rope is too light it might not clear the body of the jumper.
"Implications for successful skipping will be discussed, and a demonstration is possible," said Aristoff about his presentation at the meeting. "Fluid dynamic effects on long flexible filaments occur in both engineered structures and many natural systems, so insights from the jump rope will hopefully inform other common situations," he added.

The world is a beautiful place when people know what their doing...

bedside trivia]

http://www.pornhub.com/view_video.php?viewkey=258001960

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Pleaidian honors.

2011-01-01T00:09:00.007Z

Barack Obama Jamrock magazine picture]

I believe that as we evolve we become more like the sum of knowledge that we gather, analyse and then decide to keep, the more the knowledge thought and humbled itself the greater application to speech systems and explorationary effort. I want to start noting people who I believe would be awarded ranking members of our evolutionary process which as I believe will be measured as these and many more people do.

Perhaps 13 people per year would be sufficient as if to properly acknowledge the rank awarded. Obviously these people are predominantly western world, but, generally internationally respected people, hopefully my own knowledge of international people of pleaidian character and homage betters my ability to correspond the facts.

Calvin Broadus / Snoop Dogg awarded rank of colonel [Music and entertainment].

Goldie Hawn awarded rank of Major [Film, cinema and entertainment].

Micheal Johnson awarded rank of Captain [Sports].

Charlie Bolden awarded rank of major General [Space exploration and science].

David Attenbrough awarded rank of brigadier. [animal sciences].

Roberto Carlos awarded rank of Major. [Sports].

Bob Geldof awarded rank of Major. [Humanitarian]

Alesha Dixon lance corporal [Music and entertainment].

Christopher Blackwell awarded rank of colonel [Music].

Richard Branson awarded rank of commander [Business].

Kofi Anan awarded rank of general [Humanitarian politics]

Patrick Moore awarded rank of acting admiral [Astronomer]

Arnold Schwarzenegger awarded rank of cheif of financial affairs [physical training and entertainment].

Special medals of honor.

The Marilyn Monroe arms of distinction.

The Marlon Brando knight of the valour.

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Condolencies.

2010-12-31T01:26:00.004Z

Recently a personal favourite of my musical choice, the Great Teena Marie died at her home In California at the age of 54. Today it was reported that the front man male singer from ''Boney M'' Bobby Farrel died at his hotel room.

Bobby Farrell, front man of the 1970s disco group Boney M, has died at the age of 61, his agent has announced.

The singer was found dead in a hotel room in St Petersburg, Russia, where he had been performing, John Seine said.

Farrell, he continued, had complained of breathing problems before and after a show on Wednesday. The cause of his death has yet to be established.

Farrell, the only male member of the popular four-piece, had been due to fly to Rome for a TV show on Friday.

Born Alfonso Farrell in Aruba, the singer left his home on the Caribbean island at 15 to work as a sailor.

He then travelled to Norway and Germany to pursue a career as a DJ.

In 1974 he was chosen to front Boney M, which was put together by German singer and songwriter Frank Farian.

'Quite bizarre'

It was he who performed much of the male vocals on the group's hit records, Farrell being more a dancer and showman than a singer.

He continued to perform after Boney M disbanded in 1986 Known for his extravagant costumes, Farrell was often seen with a bare torso and tight-fitting bell-bottom pants.

Boney M had their first hit with Daddy Cool in 1978, scoring a UK number one that same year with Rivers of Babylon.

The song sold nearly two million records in Britain alone, where it stayed number one for five weeks.

After the group disbanded in 1986 Farrell continued on his own, most recently touring with three female backing singers under the name Bobby Farrell of Boney M.

According to Mr Seine the singer had suffered from "heart problems, shortage of breath and problems with his stomach" for the last decade.

He described his client as "a fantastic person" but also "quite bizarre". "He had a big heart but he was explosive," he said.

Farrell is survived by a son and a daughter.

[As I have already done a post showing a lot of Boney M music, I will probably show video's of them sporadically at some stage, I will though attempt to honor Teena Marie with her own post title, it's such a tragic shame to see people of such immense talent leave our company, god bless them and many thanks to god for letting them stay while they did].

Eric Benet / Sometimes I cry

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IW7_eSIXp4/

Happy New year.

2010-12-31T01:20:00.002Z

Merry new year everyone involved with the space business, science, music and our planet... and merry new year to all the supporters of our planet and our race.

Perhaps soon we shall introduce the 13th constellation of the Pleiades to our calendar and add an extra 52 days for its month to be between Virgo and Libra.

Dolly Parton Kenny Rogers / Islands in the stream

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQW7I62TNOw

Merry new year and merry soft happy.

What's good for the goose is good for the gander.

2010-12-26T12:30:00.000Z

Merry Christmas.

2010-12-22T20:52:00.013Z

Blonde Santa picture]

Merry Christmas to everyone and family, thank you for your interest at my blog for its first year, the blend of music, science and law gives me the opportunity to remember important facts, paths and decisions among our business. Obviously many of you will be happy to reflect with the more adult material on my blog, like me you spend many many hours of each day alone at work whether in the field or at the library the warmth of friendship is not bound by a time that I could tell and traverses distances still yet undiscovered.

Did you know that at the market they are selling tampons with bells on?

Only during the christmas period though.

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Some songs for our christmas celebrations, thoughts and memories.

Alesha Dixon / To love again

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Ah9HOWzHKs/

Atlantic star/ Circles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHPWv2BSI3s&feature=related/

Loose ends / Love controversy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FyAlt0Hh5c/

U2 / I still havent found what I'm looking for

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDggulQyRV0&feature=related/

Nat ''king''Cole / Stardust

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFyKAUBkdOs&feature=related/

Billy Holiday /Ain't nobody's business If I do

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yq5LiRoYCBo&feature=related/

Thin Lizzy / Chinatown

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gipG6jTb1Zs/

Jimi Hendrix / All along the watchtower

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIhtafqZvy8/

John Denver / I'm a country boy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzldLJcorbo/

Don Mclean / And I love you so

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzoxFVWkgjw/

Neil Diamond / Love on the rocks

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwVe-w-mtgw/

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Reccommended christmas gift music album is Alesha Dixon ''The Entertainer'' for science, space business and life researchers and enthusiasts, very good listening music for the children aswell.

Reccommended tickets for gifts ''Sade'' soldier of love 2011 tour.

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